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Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review

Although a number of studies have examined cognitive functions in space, the reasons behind the observed changes described by space research and anecdotal reports have not yet been elucidated. A potential source of cognitive changes is the cephalad fluid shift in the body caused by the lack of hydro...

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Autores principales: Barkaszi, Irén, Ehmann, Bea, Tölgyesi, Borbála, Balázs, László, Altbäcker, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792854/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36582360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1008508
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author Barkaszi, Irén
Ehmann, Bea
Tölgyesi, Borbála
Balázs, László
Altbäcker, Anna
author_facet Barkaszi, Irén
Ehmann, Bea
Tölgyesi, Borbála
Balázs, László
Altbäcker, Anna
author_sort Barkaszi, Irén
collection PubMed
description Although a number of studies have examined cognitive functions in space, the reasons behind the observed changes described by space research and anecdotal reports have not yet been elucidated. A potential source of cognitive changes is the cephalad fluid shift in the body caused by the lack of hydrostatic pressure under microgravity. These alterations can be modeled under terrestrial conditions using ground-based studies, such as head-down tilt bedrest (HDBR). In this review, we compare the results of the space and HDBR cognitive research. Results for baseline and in-flight/in-HDBR comparisons, and for baseline and post-flight/post-HDBR comparisons are detailed regarding sensorimotor skills, time estimation, attention, psychomotor speed, memory, executive functions, reasoning, mathematical processing, and cognitive processing of emotional stimuli. Beyond behavioral performance, results regarding brain electrical activity during simulated and real microgravity environments are also discussed. Finally, we highlight the research gaps and suggest future directions.
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spelling pubmed-97928542022-12-28 Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review Barkaszi, Irén Ehmann, Bea Tölgyesi, Borbála Balázs, László Altbäcker, Anna Front Physiol Physiology Although a number of studies have examined cognitive functions in space, the reasons behind the observed changes described by space research and anecdotal reports have not yet been elucidated. A potential source of cognitive changes is the cephalad fluid shift in the body caused by the lack of hydrostatic pressure under microgravity. These alterations can be modeled under terrestrial conditions using ground-based studies, such as head-down tilt bedrest (HDBR). In this review, we compare the results of the space and HDBR cognitive research. Results for baseline and in-flight/in-HDBR comparisons, and for baseline and post-flight/post-HDBR comparisons are detailed regarding sensorimotor skills, time estimation, attention, psychomotor speed, memory, executive functions, reasoning, mathematical processing, and cognitive processing of emotional stimuli. Beyond behavioral performance, results regarding brain electrical activity during simulated and real microgravity environments are also discussed. Finally, we highlight the research gaps and suggest future directions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9792854/ /pubmed/36582360 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1008508 Text en Copyright © 2022 Barkaszi, Ehmann, Tölgyesi, Balázs and Altbäcker. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Barkaszi, Irén
Ehmann, Bea
Tölgyesi, Borbála
Balázs, László
Altbäcker, Anna
Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title_full Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title_fullStr Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title_full_unstemmed Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title_short Are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? A review
title_sort are head-down tilt bedrest studies capturing the true nature of spaceflight-induced cognitive changes? a review
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792854/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36582360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1008508
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