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Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections frequently occurred even before the emergence of Omicron variants. Yet, relatively little is known about the impact of vaccination on SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and antibody response dynamics upon breakthrough infection. We have therefore studied the dynami...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36582222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026473 |
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author | Ahmed, Mohamed Ibraheem Mahmoud Diepers, Paulina Janke, Christian Plank, Michael Eser, Tabea M. Rubio-Acero, Raquel Fuchs, Anna Baranov, Olga Castelletti, Noemi Kroidl, Inge Olbrich, Laura Bauer, Bernadette Wang, Danni Prelog, Martina Liese, Johannes G. Reinkemeyer, Christina Hoelscher, Michael Steininger, Philipp Überla, Klaus Wieser, Andreas Geldmacher, Christof |
author_facet | Ahmed, Mohamed Ibraheem Mahmoud Diepers, Paulina Janke, Christian Plank, Michael Eser, Tabea M. Rubio-Acero, Raquel Fuchs, Anna Baranov, Olga Castelletti, Noemi Kroidl, Inge Olbrich, Laura Bauer, Bernadette Wang, Danni Prelog, Martina Liese, Johannes G. Reinkemeyer, Christina Hoelscher, Michael Steininger, Philipp Überla, Klaus Wieser, Andreas Geldmacher, Christof |
author_sort | Ahmed, Mohamed Ibraheem Mahmoud |
collection | PubMed |
description | SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections frequently occurred even before the emergence of Omicron variants. Yet, relatively little is known about the impact of vaccination on SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and antibody response dynamics upon breakthrough infection. We have therefore studied the dynamics of CD4 and CD8 T cells targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike and the non-encoded Nucleocapsid antigens during breakthrough infections (BTI, n=24) and in unvaccinated control infections (non-BTI, n=30). Subjects with vaccine breakthrough infection had significantly higher CD4 and CD8 T cell responses targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike during the first and third/fourth week after PCR diagnosis compared to non-vaccinated controls, respectively. In contrast, CD4 T cells targeting the non-vaccine encoded Nucleocapsid antigen were of significantly lower magnitude in BTI as compared to non-BTI. Hence, previous vaccination was linked to enhanced T cell responses targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike antigen, while responses against the non-vaccine encoded Nucleocapsid antigen were significantly attenuated. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9792977 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97929772022-12-28 Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections Ahmed, Mohamed Ibraheem Mahmoud Diepers, Paulina Janke, Christian Plank, Michael Eser, Tabea M. Rubio-Acero, Raquel Fuchs, Anna Baranov, Olga Castelletti, Noemi Kroidl, Inge Olbrich, Laura Bauer, Bernadette Wang, Danni Prelog, Martina Liese, Johannes G. Reinkemeyer, Christina Hoelscher, Michael Steininger, Philipp Überla, Klaus Wieser, Andreas Geldmacher, Christof Front Immunol Immunology SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections frequently occurred even before the emergence of Omicron variants. Yet, relatively little is known about the impact of vaccination on SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and antibody response dynamics upon breakthrough infection. We have therefore studied the dynamics of CD4 and CD8 T cells targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike and the non-encoded Nucleocapsid antigens during breakthrough infections (BTI, n=24) and in unvaccinated control infections (non-BTI, n=30). Subjects with vaccine breakthrough infection had significantly higher CD4 and CD8 T cell responses targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike during the first and third/fourth week after PCR diagnosis compared to non-vaccinated controls, respectively. In contrast, CD4 T cells targeting the non-vaccine encoded Nucleocapsid antigen were of significantly lower magnitude in BTI as compared to non-BTI. Hence, previous vaccination was linked to enhanced T cell responses targeting the vaccine-encoded Spike antigen, while responses against the non-vaccine encoded Nucleocapsid antigen were significantly attenuated. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9792977/ /pubmed/36582222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026473 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ahmed, Diepers, Janke, Plank, Eser, Rubio-Acero, Fuchs, Baranov, Castelletti, Kroidl, Olbrich, Bauer, Wang, Prelog, Liese, Reinkemeyer, Hoelscher, Steininger, Überla, Wieser and Geldmacher https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Ahmed, Mohamed Ibraheem Mahmoud Diepers, Paulina Janke, Christian Plank, Michael Eser, Tabea M. Rubio-Acero, Raquel Fuchs, Anna Baranov, Olga Castelletti, Noemi Kroidl, Inge Olbrich, Laura Bauer, Bernadette Wang, Danni Prelog, Martina Liese, Johannes G. Reinkemeyer, Christina Hoelscher, Michael Steininger, Philipp Überla, Klaus Wieser, Andreas Geldmacher, Christof Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title | Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title_full | Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title_fullStr | Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title_short | Enhanced Spike-specific, but attenuated Nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
title_sort | enhanced spike-specific, but attenuated nucleocapsid-specific t cell responses upon sars-cov-2 breakthrough versus non-breakthrough infections |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36582222 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026473 |
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