Neisseria elongata -mediated peritonitis in an end-stage renal disease patient on automated peritoneal dialysis, A case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can result in peritonitis, which frequently causes severe and near-fatal clinical implications if left untreated. Usually, Gram-positive bacteria are the most common organisms involved. Uncommonly recognized as the cause of peritonitis in PD patients, Neisseria Elongata is a gram-negative nasal and oropharyngeal normal flora organism. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a rare case of a 29-year-old man who had received automated peritoneal dialysis for six years and had Neisseria Elongata peritonitis. DISCUSSION: Several case Reports of niseria-related peritonitis may point to the potential pathogenicity of such organisms and suggest that many cases of culture-negative peritonitis may have been misdiagnosed. Poor nutrition and chronic kidney disease have been suggested as potential risk factors for Neisseria elongata peritonitis [8], both of which are present in our patient. With appropriate antibiotic use, most of the cases respond well to empirical treatment. CONCLUSION: Although rare, Neisseria Elongata can lead to Peritoneal Dialysis catheter Peritonitis that, in some cases, require changing to hemodialysis.