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Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century

We report genome-wide data from 33 Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), dated to the 14(th) century, obtained following a salvage excavation at the medieval Jewish cemetery of Erfurt, Germany. The Erfurt individuals are genetically similar to modern AJ, but they show more variability in Eastern European-related anc...

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Autores principales: Waldman, Shamam, Backenroth, Daniel, Harney, Éadaoin, Flohr, Stefan, Neff, Nadia C., Buckley, Gina M., Fridman, Hila, Akbari, Ali, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Olalde, Iñigo, Cooper, Leo, Lomes, Ariel, Lipson, Joshua, Cano Nistal, Jorge, Yu, Jin, Barzilai, Nir, Peter, Inga, Atzmon, Gil, Ostrer, Harry, Lencz, Todd, Maruvka, Yosef E., Lämmerhirt, Maike, Beider, Alexander, Rutgers, Leonard V., Renson, Virginie, Prufer, Keith M., Schiffels, Stephan, Ringbauer, Harald, Sczech, Karin, Carmi, Shai, Reich, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36455558
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.002
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author Waldman, Shamam
Backenroth, Daniel
Harney, Éadaoin
Flohr, Stefan
Neff, Nadia C.
Buckley, Gina M.
Fridman, Hila
Akbari, Ali
Rohland, Nadin
Mallick, Swapan
Olalde, Iñigo
Cooper, Leo
Lomes, Ariel
Lipson, Joshua
Cano Nistal, Jorge
Yu, Jin
Barzilai, Nir
Peter, Inga
Atzmon, Gil
Ostrer, Harry
Lencz, Todd
Maruvka, Yosef E.
Lämmerhirt, Maike
Beider, Alexander
Rutgers, Leonard V.
Renson, Virginie
Prufer, Keith M.
Schiffels, Stephan
Ringbauer, Harald
Sczech, Karin
Carmi, Shai
Reich, David
author_facet Waldman, Shamam
Backenroth, Daniel
Harney, Éadaoin
Flohr, Stefan
Neff, Nadia C.
Buckley, Gina M.
Fridman, Hila
Akbari, Ali
Rohland, Nadin
Mallick, Swapan
Olalde, Iñigo
Cooper, Leo
Lomes, Ariel
Lipson, Joshua
Cano Nistal, Jorge
Yu, Jin
Barzilai, Nir
Peter, Inga
Atzmon, Gil
Ostrer, Harry
Lencz, Todd
Maruvka, Yosef E.
Lämmerhirt, Maike
Beider, Alexander
Rutgers, Leonard V.
Renson, Virginie
Prufer, Keith M.
Schiffels, Stephan
Ringbauer, Harald
Sczech, Karin
Carmi, Shai
Reich, David
author_sort Waldman, Shamam
collection PubMed
description We report genome-wide data from 33 Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), dated to the 14(th) century, obtained following a salvage excavation at the medieval Jewish cemetery of Erfurt, Germany. The Erfurt individuals are genetically similar to modern AJ, but they show more variability in Eastern European-related ancestry than modern AJ. A third of the Erfurt individuals carried a mitochondrial lineage common in modern AJ and eight carried pathogenic variants known to affect AJ today. These observations, together with high levels of runs of homozygosity, suggest that the Erfurt community had already experienced the major reduction in size that affected modern AJ. The Erfurt bottleneck was more severe, implying substructure in medieval AJ. Overall, our results suggest that the AJ founder event and the acquisition of the main sources of ancestry pre-dated the 14(th) century and highlight late medieval genetic heterogeneity no longer present in modern AJ.
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spelling pubmed-97934252022-12-27 Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century Waldman, Shamam Backenroth, Daniel Harney, Éadaoin Flohr, Stefan Neff, Nadia C. Buckley, Gina M. Fridman, Hila Akbari, Ali Rohland, Nadin Mallick, Swapan Olalde, Iñigo Cooper, Leo Lomes, Ariel Lipson, Joshua Cano Nistal, Jorge Yu, Jin Barzilai, Nir Peter, Inga Atzmon, Gil Ostrer, Harry Lencz, Todd Maruvka, Yosef E. Lämmerhirt, Maike Beider, Alexander Rutgers, Leonard V. Renson, Virginie Prufer, Keith M. Schiffels, Stephan Ringbauer, Harald Sczech, Karin Carmi, Shai Reich, David Cell Article We report genome-wide data from 33 Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), dated to the 14(th) century, obtained following a salvage excavation at the medieval Jewish cemetery of Erfurt, Germany. The Erfurt individuals are genetically similar to modern AJ, but they show more variability in Eastern European-related ancestry than modern AJ. A third of the Erfurt individuals carried a mitochondrial lineage common in modern AJ and eight carried pathogenic variants known to affect AJ today. These observations, together with high levels of runs of homozygosity, suggest that the Erfurt community had already experienced the major reduction in size that affected modern AJ. The Erfurt bottleneck was more severe, implying substructure in medieval AJ. Overall, our results suggest that the AJ founder event and the acquisition of the main sources of ancestry pre-dated the 14(th) century and highlight late medieval genetic heterogeneity no longer present in modern AJ. 2022-12-08 2022-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9793425/ /pubmed/36455558 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.002 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is subject to HHMI’s Open Access to Publications policy. HHMI lab heads have previously granted a nonexclusive CC BY 4.0 license to the public and a sublicensable license to HHMI in their research articles. Pursuant to those licenses, the author-accepted manuscript of this article can be made freely available under a CC BY 4.0 license immediately upon publication.
spellingShingle Article
Waldman, Shamam
Backenroth, Daniel
Harney, Éadaoin
Flohr, Stefan
Neff, Nadia C.
Buckley, Gina M.
Fridman, Hila
Akbari, Ali
Rohland, Nadin
Mallick, Swapan
Olalde, Iñigo
Cooper, Leo
Lomes, Ariel
Lipson, Joshua
Cano Nistal, Jorge
Yu, Jin
Barzilai, Nir
Peter, Inga
Atzmon, Gil
Ostrer, Harry
Lencz, Todd
Maruvka, Yosef E.
Lämmerhirt, Maike
Beider, Alexander
Rutgers, Leonard V.
Renson, Virginie
Prufer, Keith M.
Schiffels, Stephan
Ringbauer, Harald
Sczech, Karin
Carmi, Shai
Reich, David
Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title_full Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title_fullStr Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title_full_unstemmed Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title_short Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
title_sort genome-wide data from medieval german jews show that the ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14(th) century
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793425/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36455558
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.002
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