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Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers

Flumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larva...

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Autores principales: Liu, Chen, Wu, Xiaobo, Yang, Heyan, Yu, Longtao, Zhang, Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9795074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36589443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769
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author Liu, Chen
Wu, Xiaobo
Yang, Heyan
Yu, Longtao
Zhang, Yong
author_facet Liu, Chen
Wu, Xiaobo
Yang, Heyan
Yu, Longtao
Zhang, Yong
author_sort Liu, Chen
collection PubMed
description Flumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae by conducting bioassays for immune and detoxification-related enzymes and transcriptome sequencing to determine the potential effects on newly emerged adults who were exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage. Results showed that the higher the concentration of flumethrin the honeybee larvae were exposed to, the greater the damage to the physiology of honeybee larvae and the newly emerged worker bees. When honeybee larvae were exposed to flumethrin concentrations higher than 0.01 mg/L, the activities of glutathione sulfur transferase and carboxylesterase were affected, and the metabolism-related genes in the head of newly emerged honeybees exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage were down-regulated. Flumethrin concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L significantly increased mixed-functional oxidase content in honeybee larvae, reduced the larval survival rate, and down-regulated the expression levels of olfactory-related and antioxidant-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. Furthermore, a flumethrin concentration of 1 mg/L significantly down-regulated the expression levels of immune and detoxification-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the response of honeybee larvae to sublethal flumethrin toxicity and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in honeybees under pesticide stress.
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spelling pubmed-97950742022-12-29 Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers Liu, Chen Wu, Xiaobo Yang, Heyan Yu, Longtao Zhang, Yong Front Physiol Physiology Flumethrin is a widely used acaricide, but its improper use often leads to residue accumulation in honeybee colonies, thus threatening the health of honeybees, especially at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the direct toxicity of flumethrin on honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae by conducting bioassays for immune and detoxification-related enzymes and transcriptome sequencing to determine the potential effects on newly emerged adults who were exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage. Results showed that the higher the concentration of flumethrin the honeybee larvae were exposed to, the greater the damage to the physiology of honeybee larvae and the newly emerged worker bees. When honeybee larvae were exposed to flumethrin concentrations higher than 0.01 mg/L, the activities of glutathione sulfur transferase and carboxylesterase were affected, and the metabolism-related genes in the head of newly emerged honeybees exposed to flumethrin during the larval stage were down-regulated. Flumethrin concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L significantly increased mixed-functional oxidase content in honeybee larvae, reduced the larval survival rate, and down-regulated the expression levels of olfactory-related and antioxidant-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. Furthermore, a flumethrin concentration of 1 mg/L significantly down-regulated the expression levels of immune and detoxification-related genes in newly emerged honeybees. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the response of honeybee larvae to sublethal flumethrin toxicity and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in honeybees under pesticide stress. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9795074/ /pubmed/36589443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769 Text en Copyright © 2022 Liu, Wu, Yang, Yu and Zhang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Liu, Chen
Wu, Xiaobo
Yang, Heyan
Yu, Longtao
Zhang, Yong
Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title_full Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title_fullStr Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title_full_unstemmed Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title_short Effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers
title_sort effects of larval exposure to the insecticide flumethrin on the development of honeybee (apis mellifera) workers
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9795074/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36589443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1054769
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