Conservation psychology and the legacy of Carol Saunders for zoo and aquarium programs, networks, practices, and exhibits

Conservation Psychology created a dialog between environmental conservation and behavioral sciences. With an outsized influence by Dr. Carol Saunders, it started at Brookfield Zoo in Chicago exploring questions about the impacts of a zoo visit, and particularly how human behavior influences environmental outcomes for our planet. Here we explore how Conservation Psychology influenced the development of programs, exhibits and communities of practice at Brookfield Zoo and elsewhere in the zoo and aquarium world, and how eventually these applications changed the way modern zoos and aquariums operate. We present testimonials and review a handful of examples in which Conservation Psychology led to tangible programs, practices and wide professional networks at zoos and aquariums. These include an exploration of the future of zoos with George Rabb, followed by the legacy of nature play and the groundbreaking Hamill Family Play Zoo. Furthermore, we discuss how visitor studies at zoos and aquariums were influenced by Conservation Psychology, including the development of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Social Science Research and Evaluation Scientific Advisory Group and two climate change education networks. We end with the development of tools, practices, and professional networks to explore empathy for animals. Most of these programs were envisioned or facilitated by Dr. Saunders, who was always a role model with an impact and a legacy that lives on.