Cargando…

The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Monkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to ev...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Stephen, Roland, Alele, Faith, Olumoh, Jamiu, Tyndall, Jennifer, Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi, Adegboye, Oyelola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36589996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589
_version_ 1784860740435312640
author Stephen, Roland
Alele, Faith
Olumoh, Jamiu
Tyndall, Jennifer
Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi
Adegboye, Oyelola
author_facet Stephen, Roland
Alele, Faith
Olumoh, Jamiu
Tyndall, Jennifer
Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi
Adegboye, Oyelola
author_sort Stephen, Roland
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Monkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the epidemiological profile of this viral disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. The skin and blood samples were screened for the presence for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) DNA by real-time PCR; the clinical diagnosis was based on symptoms of visual signs of skin lesions and other clinical symptoms from January to July 2022. RESULTS: A total of 33 suspected cases aged 1–57 years [26 (79%) males vs. 7 (21%) females] were screened for MPX and VZV. Twenty-four (72.7%) were positive (6.1% were MPX only, 39% were VZV only, and 27% were both MPX and VZV). Most cases of MPX (82%), VZV (69%) and MPX-VZV co-infection (78%) occurred in males. More than half (54%) of those infected were children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years. All patients experienced body rashes and itching, and other clinical symptoms included fever, headache, mouth sores, muscle aches and lymphadenopathy. Over 64 and 86% of patients had contact with livestock and rodents, respectively. CONCLUSION: MPXV, VZV and MPXV-VZV co-infections occurred predominantly among males and children in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Given the patient contact with rodents and livestock, further research on the animal reservoir is needed to highlight the transmission of MPXV in Adamawa.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9797713
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97977132022-12-30 The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria Stephen, Roland Alele, Faith Olumoh, Jamiu Tyndall, Jennifer Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi Adegboye, Oyelola Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: Monkeypox (MPX) is endemic in Nigeria, but it was first reported in Adamawa state, North-Eastern Nigeria, in January 2022. There are currently 172 cases of MPX in Nigeria, with four reported deaths, and Adamawa has the second-highest case count. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the epidemiological profile of this viral disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. The skin and blood samples were screened for the presence for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) DNA by real-time PCR; the clinical diagnosis was based on symptoms of visual signs of skin lesions and other clinical symptoms from January to July 2022. RESULTS: A total of 33 suspected cases aged 1–57 years [26 (79%) males vs. 7 (21%) females] were screened for MPX and VZV. Twenty-four (72.7%) were positive (6.1% were MPX only, 39% were VZV only, and 27% were both MPX and VZV). Most cases of MPX (82%), VZV (69%) and MPX-VZV co-infection (78%) occurred in males. More than half (54%) of those infected were children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years. All patients experienced body rashes and itching, and other clinical symptoms included fever, headache, mouth sores, muscle aches and lymphadenopathy. Over 64 and 86% of patients had contact with livestock and rodents, respectively. CONCLUSION: MPXV, VZV and MPXV-VZV co-infections occurred predominantly among males and children in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Given the patient contact with rodents and livestock, further research on the animal reservoir is needed to highlight the transmission of MPXV in Adamawa. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9797713/ /pubmed/36589996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589 Text en Copyright © 2022 Stephen, Alele, Olumoh, Tyndall, Okeke and Adegboye. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Stephen, Roland
Alele, Faith
Olumoh, Jamiu
Tyndall, Jennifer
Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi
Adegboye, Oyelola
The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title_full The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title_fullStr The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title_short The epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in North-Eastern Nigeria
title_sort epidemiological trend of monkeypox and monkeypox-varicella zoster viruses co-infection in north-eastern nigeria
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797713/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36589996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1066589
work_keys_str_mv AT stephenroland theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT alelefaith theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT olumohjamiu theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT tyndalljennifer theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT okekemalachyifeanyi theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT adegboyeoyelola theepidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT stephenroland epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT alelefaith epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT olumohjamiu epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT tyndalljennifer epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT okekemalachyifeanyi epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria
AT adegboyeoyelola epidemiologicaltrendofmonkeypoxandmonkeypoxvaricellazostervirusescoinfectioninnortheasternnigeria