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Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?

Memory systems serve an adaptive function for the fitness of organisms. A good example of this is the Survival Processing Effect (SPE) which points to increased retention of information when it is processed in a survival context compared to other contexts. Survival processing may also affect metacog...

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Autores principales: Çabuk, Dilan, Yelimlieş, Alper, Akçay, Çağlar, Eskenazi, Terry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36580145
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01782-9
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author Çabuk, Dilan
Yelimlieş, Alper
Akçay, Çağlar
Eskenazi, Terry
author_facet Çabuk, Dilan
Yelimlieş, Alper
Akçay, Çağlar
Eskenazi, Terry
author_sort Çabuk, Dilan
collection PubMed
description Memory systems serve an adaptive function for the fitness of organisms. A good example of this is the Survival Processing Effect (SPE) which points to increased retention of information when it is processed in a survival context compared to other contexts. Survival processing may also affect metacognitive processes, by increasing confidence judgments as well as increasing metacognitive sensitivity. No previous study, however, has directly examined whether processing information for survival also has an effect on metacognitive processes. Here we ask whether SPE extends to the metacognitive system in terms of both metacognitive sensitivity and confidence bias. In Experiment 1 participants were asked to rate a list of words in terms of relevance in a survival scenario or a moving scenario. In a surprise old/new recognition test, they were given one word at a time and asked to indicate if they have rated the presented word before and state how confident they are in that choice. Surprisingly, the results did not reveal a SPE, which may have been due to high overall performance in the recognition task. In Experiment 2 we increased the level of difficulty of the memory task, which resulted in a robust SPE, but could not find this effect in metacognitive monitoring. Together, these results suggest that survival processing may not affect metacognitive processes in a reliable fashion. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00426-022-01782-9.
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spelling pubmed-97978952022-12-29 Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition? Çabuk, Dilan Yelimlieş, Alper Akçay, Çağlar Eskenazi, Terry Psychol Res Original Article Memory systems serve an adaptive function for the fitness of organisms. A good example of this is the Survival Processing Effect (SPE) which points to increased retention of information when it is processed in a survival context compared to other contexts. Survival processing may also affect metacognitive processes, by increasing confidence judgments as well as increasing metacognitive sensitivity. No previous study, however, has directly examined whether processing information for survival also has an effect on metacognitive processes. Here we ask whether SPE extends to the metacognitive system in terms of both metacognitive sensitivity and confidence bias. In Experiment 1 participants were asked to rate a list of words in terms of relevance in a survival scenario or a moving scenario. In a surprise old/new recognition test, they were given one word at a time and asked to indicate if they have rated the presented word before and state how confident they are in that choice. Surprisingly, the results did not reveal a SPE, which may have been due to high overall performance in the recognition task. In Experiment 2 we increased the level of difficulty of the memory task, which resulted in a robust SPE, but could not find this effect in metacognitive monitoring. Together, these results suggest that survival processing may not affect metacognitive processes in a reliable fashion. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00426-022-01782-9. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9797895/ /pubmed/36580145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01782-9 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Original Article
Çabuk, Dilan
Yelimlieş, Alper
Akçay, Çağlar
Eskenazi, Terry
Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title_full Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title_fullStr Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title_full_unstemmed Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title_short Is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
title_sort is there a survival processing effect in metacognition?
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9797895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36580145
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01782-9
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