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Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function

Exposure to microgravity causes significant alterations in astronauts’ immune systems during spaceflight; however, it is unknown whether microgravity affects mast cell homeostasis and activation. Here we show that microgravity negatively regulates the survival and effector function of mast cells. Mu...

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Autores principales: Kim, Minjin, Jang, Gyeongin, Kim, Kyu-Sung, Shin, Jinwook
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9800517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36591304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055531
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author Kim, Minjin
Jang, Gyeongin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
Shin, Jinwook
author_facet Kim, Minjin
Jang, Gyeongin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
Shin, Jinwook
author_sort Kim, Minjin
collection PubMed
description Exposure to microgravity causes significant alterations in astronauts’ immune systems during spaceflight; however, it is unknown whether microgravity affects mast cell homeostasis and activation. Here we show that microgravity negatively regulates the survival and effector function of mast cells. Murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were cultured with IL-3 in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) that generates a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. BMMCs exposed to SMG showed enhanced apoptosis along with the downregulation of Bcl-2, and reduced proliferation compared to Earth’s gravity (1G) controls. The reduction in survival and proliferation caused by SMG exposure was recovered by stem cell factor. In addition, SMG impaired mast cell degranulation and cytokine secretion. BMMCs pre-exposed to SMG showed decreased release of β-hexosaminidase, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore ionomycin, which correlated with decreased calcium influx. These findings provide new insights into microgravity-mediated alterations of mast cell phenotypes, contributing to the understanding of immune system dysfunction for further space medicine research.
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spelling pubmed-98005172022-12-31 Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function Kim, Minjin Jang, Gyeongin Kim, Kyu-Sung Shin, Jinwook Front Immunol Immunology Exposure to microgravity causes significant alterations in astronauts’ immune systems during spaceflight; however, it is unknown whether microgravity affects mast cell homeostasis and activation. Here we show that microgravity negatively regulates the survival and effector function of mast cells. Murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) were cultured with IL-3 in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) that generates a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. BMMCs exposed to SMG showed enhanced apoptosis along with the downregulation of Bcl-2, and reduced proliferation compared to Earth’s gravity (1G) controls. The reduction in survival and proliferation caused by SMG exposure was recovered by stem cell factor. In addition, SMG impaired mast cell degranulation and cytokine secretion. BMMCs pre-exposed to SMG showed decreased release of β-hexosaminidase, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore ionomycin, which correlated with decreased calcium influx. These findings provide new insights into microgravity-mediated alterations of mast cell phenotypes, contributing to the understanding of immune system dysfunction for further space medicine research. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9800517/ /pubmed/36591304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055531 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kim, Jang, Kim and Shin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Kim, Minjin
Jang, Gyeongin
Kim, Kyu-Sung
Shin, Jinwook
Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title_full Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title_fullStr Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title_full_unstemmed Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title_short Detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
title_sort detrimental effects of simulated microgravity on mast cell homeostasis and function
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9800517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36591304
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055531
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