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Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features

OBJECTIVE(S): The coronavirus pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 commenced in late 2019, and global wide vaccination appears to be the only reasonable solution to fight this dreadful virus. There are two main types of COVID-19 immunization using viral vector and mRNA-based vaccines. However, the impact o...

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Autores principales: Ayati, Narjess, Evans, Scott, Zakavi, S. Rasoul, Gruenewald, Simon M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9803623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36619184
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AOJNMB.2022.63110.1443
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author Ayati, Narjess
Evans, Scott
Zakavi, S. Rasoul
Gruenewald, Simon M.
author_facet Ayati, Narjess
Evans, Scott
Zakavi, S. Rasoul
Gruenewald, Simon M.
author_sort Ayati, Narjess
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE(S): The coronavirus pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 commenced in late 2019, and global wide vaccination appears to be the only reasonable solution to fight this dreadful virus. There are two main types of COVID-19 immunization using viral vector and mRNA-based vaccines. However, the impact of each of type on (18)F-FDG PET/CT needs to be accurately assessed. This study aimed to compare the (18)F-FDG PET/CT features of these two types of COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: A total of 188 patients referred for (18)F-FDG PET/CT with a recent history of either BioNTech/Pfizer or AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination, and a control group of 40 patients with no history of any type of recent vaccination, were included in the study. (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies of vaccinated patients assessed for injection site uptake and regional nodal and systemic reactions post vaccination. The data were compared to the control group and to the contralateral side for each patient. The findings were compared between patients who received Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines. RESULTS: (18)F-FDG PET/CT was semiquantitatively positive in 50.5% of the studied population for vaccine-related features. The ipsilateral axillary and infra- and supraclavicular lymph nodes were significantly larger in size and exhibited higher metabolic activity compared to the contralateral lymph nodes after both types of vaccination. The prevalence of regional nodal reactions post Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccination was 39% and 17.9% on visual, and 61% and 47.6% on semiquantitative assessments, respectively. Patients receiving the Pfizer vaccine exhibited higher metabolic activity in the ipsilateral regional lymph nodes (p<0.05). No significant difference in the intensity of regional nodal reaction post vaccination was noted between the first four weeks. CONCLUSION: Significant local and regional nodal reactions are observed after both viral vector and mRNA COVID-19 vaccination with a tendency to extend toward the infra- and supraclavicular nodal stations but not to the pulmonary hilum. The greater intensity and extension of the nodal reaction after Pfizer vaccination suggests a higher possibility of false-positive results on (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies using mRNA vaccination technology.
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spelling pubmed-98036232023-01-07 Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features Ayati, Narjess Evans, Scott Zakavi, S. Rasoul Gruenewald, Simon M. Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol Original Article OBJECTIVE(S): The coronavirus pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 commenced in late 2019, and global wide vaccination appears to be the only reasonable solution to fight this dreadful virus. There are two main types of COVID-19 immunization using viral vector and mRNA-based vaccines. However, the impact of each of type on (18)F-FDG PET/CT needs to be accurately assessed. This study aimed to compare the (18)F-FDG PET/CT features of these two types of COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: A total of 188 patients referred for (18)F-FDG PET/CT with a recent history of either BioNTech/Pfizer or AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination, and a control group of 40 patients with no history of any type of recent vaccination, were included in the study. (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies of vaccinated patients assessed for injection site uptake and regional nodal and systemic reactions post vaccination. The data were compared to the control group and to the contralateral side for each patient. The findings were compared between patients who received Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccines. RESULTS: (18)F-FDG PET/CT was semiquantitatively positive in 50.5% of the studied population for vaccine-related features. The ipsilateral axillary and infra- and supraclavicular lymph nodes were significantly larger in size and exhibited higher metabolic activity compared to the contralateral lymph nodes after both types of vaccination. The prevalence of regional nodal reactions post Pfizer and AstraZeneca vaccination was 39% and 17.9% on visual, and 61% and 47.6% on semiquantitative assessments, respectively. Patients receiving the Pfizer vaccine exhibited higher metabolic activity in the ipsilateral regional lymph nodes (p<0.05). No significant difference in the intensity of regional nodal reaction post vaccination was noted between the first four weeks. CONCLUSION: Significant local and regional nodal reactions are observed after both viral vector and mRNA COVID-19 vaccination with a tendency to extend toward the infra- and supraclavicular nodal stations but not to the pulmonary hilum. The greater intensity and extension of the nodal reaction after Pfizer vaccination suggests a higher possibility of false-positive results on (18)F-FDG PET/CT studies using mRNA vaccination technology. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9803623/ /pubmed/36619184 http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AOJNMB.2022.63110.1443 Text en © 2023 mums.ac.ir All rights reserved https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) ) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ayati, Narjess
Evans, Scott
Zakavi, S. Rasoul
Gruenewald, Simon M.
Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title_full Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title_fullStr Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title_full_unstemmed Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title_short Comparison between viral vector and mRNA based COVID-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT features
title_sort comparison between viral vector and mrna based covid-19 vaccination in prevalence and severity of regional immune reactions, and (18)f-fdg pet/ct features
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9803623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36619184
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AOJNMB.2022.63110.1443
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