Otosyphilis: A rare case of reversible hearing loss in a young man with secondary syphilis

BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, it has been noticed a significant increase in the number of cases of syphilis with a concurrent increased number of patients presenting with syphilis-related complications. Otosyphilis is a well-known complication of syphilis that most of the time, can lead to irreversible hearing loss, especially with delayed diagnosis and treatment. A high index of suspicion is needed for an accurate diagnosis of otosyphilis. Complete audiologic recovery is rare but still possible with the appropriate treatment. CASE REPORT: Herein, we describe a case of reversible hearing loss secondary to otosyphilis in a young healthy man who was initially diagnosed and treated as a case of secondary syphilis, and presented later to the clinic with unilateral tinnitus and hearing loss. Audiology findings were consistent with asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss. Fortunately, complete recovery of hearing was achieved after treatment with a 14-day course of intravenous penicillin. CONCLUSION: Otosyphilis is one of the rare presentations of syphilis; thus, the diagnosis is often missed or delayed. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent the occurrence of permanent hearing loss.