Tofacitinib and faecal microbiota transplantation in treating checkpoint inhibitor-induced enterocolitis: case report

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce a wide range of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), potentially affecting any organ. ICI-induced colitis is a frequently reported irAE, whereas enteritis is rare and not well documented. CASE PRESENTATION: We are presenting a patient with metastatic melanoma who developed severe ICI-induced enterocolitis multirefractory for glucocorticoids, infliximab and vedolizumab, partially responding to faecal microbiota transplantation and final complete response to tofacitinib. CONCLUSION: This case supports that tofacitinib may be an(other) effective agent in managing multirefractory ICI-induced diarrhoea caused by colitis and/or enteritis.