The Difference in All-Cause Mortality Between Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

BACKGROUND: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) primarily complicates the course of asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mortality data of ABPA and the difference in all-cause mortality between ABPA with and without COPD are not available. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the difference in all-cause mortality between ABPA with and without COPD. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed among patients with the diagnosis of ABPA at Peking University People’s Hospital between January 2010 and March 2022. Logrank test was performed to investigate the difference between all-cause mortality for ABPA with and without COPD and Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with ABPA. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients with ABPA were enrolled in this study. The follow-up duration was 50.38 months (3–143 months). In the COPD group, 7 patients died (7/10), while in the non-COPD group, 4 patients died (4/51). The 1-year survival rates of ABPA with and without COPD were 60% and 97.8%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of ABPA with and without COPD were 40% and 94%, respectively. The Cox regression analysis showed that higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (HR = 1.017, 95% CI 1.004–1.031, P = 0.013) and complicating COPD (HR = 8.525, 95% CI 1.827–39.773, P = 0.006) were independent risk factors associated with mortality in patients with ABPA. CONCLUSION: The all-cause mortality for ABPA with COPD is higher than that for ABPA without COPD. Higher CRP and complicating COPD are independent risk factor for mortality in patients with ABPA.