Primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the prostate in a patient with HIV infection

INTRODUCTION: Primary prostate lymphomas are very rare; however, the incidence of malignant lymphoma is high among HIV‐infected patients. Herein, we report a case of primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the prostate in an HIV‐infected patient. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47‐year‐old man presented with miction pain and back pain. Abdominal CT revealed a huge prostate mass extending to the left retroperitoneum. Serum sIL‐2R level was abnormally high (2896 U/mL), whereas PSA level was normal. HIV antigen and antibody tests were positive. The patient was diagnosed with DLBCL after a prostate biopsy. Systemic treatments were administered; however, the tumor was refractory, and the patient died 9 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Prostate malignant lymphomas are rare but should be considered in patients with enlarged prostates and normal PSA levels. It should be noted that HIV patients have a high incidence of malignant lymphomas.