Comparison of antibacterial activity and fluoride release in tooth-colored restorative materials: Resin-modified glass ionomer, zirconomer, giomer, and cention N

BACKGROUND: Considering the important role of fluoride in preventing caries by reducing the number and activity of cariogenic bacteria and introducing new fluoride-releasing tooth-colored restorative materials, this study was performed to compare and evaluate fluoride ion release and antibacterial activity of resin-modified GI, zirconomer, giomer (Beautifil), and Cention N. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental in vitro study, eighty samples (20 samples in each group) were prepared, 10 samples for fluoride testing and 10 samples for antibacterial activity. To evaluate the release of fluoride (PPM), fluoride ion-selective electrode was used on days 1(st), 3(rd), 7(th), 14(th), and 21(st); and antibacterial activities against Streptococcus mutans were examined using direct contact test by absorption of light hourly once every 5 h and days 1(st), 2(nd), and 7(th) using an ELISA reader with a microplate reader of 800 TS at a wavelength of 630 nm. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tamhane post hoc test, and paired t-test in SPSS software (IBM, Somers, NJ, USA) at a significant level of (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The release of fluoride from materials showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The maximum mean of fluoride released during the 1(st), 3(rd) and 7(th) days belonged to the zirconomer group and the minimum for the giomer group. During the measurement period of light absorption from 0 to 24 h after planting, light absorption of foursubstances together was found to be statistically significant (P <.001). Zirconomer light absorption increased on the 7(th) day, unlike other substances, but still, the minimum light absorption was related to zirconomer. CONCLUSION: The highest fluoride release was in zirconomer, Cention N, fuji II LC, and giomer, sequentially. Zirconomer showed maximum and giomer showed minimum antibacterial activities.