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Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan

INTRODUCTION: Despite women being under-represented in academic surgery, there is no publicly accessible repository describing the distribution of surgeons by sex and specialty in Pakistan. This short report aims to fulfill this gap by describing female representation across surgical faculty positio...

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Autores principales: Rauf, Hareem, Martins, Russell Seth, Arif, Hibba Erum, Ahmed, Aymen, Nawaz, Arisha, Malik, Mahim A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36595089
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-022-06880-8
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author Rauf, Hareem
Martins, Russell Seth
Arif, Hibba Erum
Ahmed, Aymen
Nawaz, Arisha
Malik, Mahim A.
author_facet Rauf, Hareem
Martins, Russell Seth
Arif, Hibba Erum
Ahmed, Aymen
Nawaz, Arisha
Malik, Mahim A.
author_sort Rauf, Hareem
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Despite women being under-represented in academic surgery, there is no publicly accessible repository describing the distribution of surgeons by sex and specialty in Pakistan. This short report aims to fulfill this gap by describing female representation across surgical faculty positions in medical colleges across Pakistan. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 across medical universities in Pakistan. A dual mode of data collection was employed, whereby data regarding sex, academic designation, and subspecialty of surgical faculty was retrieved via emails to representative faculty from medical colleges, and from medical colleges’ websites. RESULTS: A total of 97/114 (85.1%) medical colleges across Pakistan were included, providing us with data of 2070 surgical faculty. Overall, only 10.3% of surgical faculty were women, with women comprising 14.1% of assistant professors, 9.3% of associate professors, and only 5.7% of professors. Most women surgical faculty were assistant professors (63.1%), with only 17.8% being professors. Sindh (14.3%) and Punjab (9.7%) had the greatest percentage of women across surgical faculty overall, while Khyber Pakhtunkhwa had the lowest (6.5%). Apart from breast surgery (100%), pediatric surgery (29.4%), ophthalmology (15.0%) and general surgery (11.6%), women did not represent more than 10% of surgical faculty for any surgical subspecialty. CONCLUSION: In Pakistan, there is a blatant lack of female representation across all faculty positions and in most surgical specialties, with imbalances more pronounced in the relatively under-developed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. These sex disparities may aggravate the surgical disease burden and adversely impact surgical prospects for women across the country.
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spelling pubmed-98095132023-01-04 Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan Rauf, Hareem Martins, Russell Seth Arif, Hibba Erum Ahmed, Aymen Nawaz, Arisha Malik, Mahim A. World J Surg Surgery in Low and Middle Income Countries INTRODUCTION: Despite women being under-represented in academic surgery, there is no publicly accessible repository describing the distribution of surgeons by sex and specialty in Pakistan. This short report aims to fulfill this gap by describing female representation across surgical faculty positions in medical colleges across Pakistan. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 across medical universities in Pakistan. A dual mode of data collection was employed, whereby data regarding sex, academic designation, and subspecialty of surgical faculty was retrieved via emails to representative faculty from medical colleges, and from medical colleges’ websites. RESULTS: A total of 97/114 (85.1%) medical colleges across Pakistan were included, providing us with data of 2070 surgical faculty. Overall, only 10.3% of surgical faculty were women, with women comprising 14.1% of assistant professors, 9.3% of associate professors, and only 5.7% of professors. Most women surgical faculty were assistant professors (63.1%), with only 17.8% being professors. Sindh (14.3%) and Punjab (9.7%) had the greatest percentage of women across surgical faculty overall, while Khyber Pakhtunkhwa had the lowest (6.5%). Apart from breast surgery (100%), pediatric surgery (29.4%), ophthalmology (15.0%) and general surgery (11.6%), women did not represent more than 10% of surgical faculty for any surgical subspecialty. CONCLUSION: In Pakistan, there is a blatant lack of female representation across all faculty positions and in most surgical specialties, with imbalances more pronounced in the relatively under-developed Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. These sex disparities may aggravate the surgical disease burden and adversely impact surgical prospects for women across the country. Springer International Publishing 2023-01-03 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9809513/ /pubmed/36595089 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-022-06880-8 Text en © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Société Internationale de Chirurgie 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Surgery in Low and Middle Income Countries
Rauf, Hareem
Martins, Russell Seth
Arif, Hibba Erum
Ahmed, Aymen
Nawaz, Arisha
Malik, Mahim A.
Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title_full Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title_fullStr Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title_short Sex-based Disparities Among Surgical Faculty Positions Across Medical Colleges in Pakistan
title_sort sex-based disparities among surgical faculty positions across medical colleges in pakistan
topic Surgery in Low and Middle Income Countries
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36595089
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-022-06880-8
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