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Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses
Since the discovery of neurexins (Nrxns) as essential and evolutionarily conserved synaptic adhesion molecules, focus has largely centered on their functional contributions to glutamatergic synapses. Recently, significant advances to our understanding of neurexin function at GABAergic synapses have...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9812575/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36618530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1087238 |
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author | Boxer, Emma E. Aoto, Jason |
author_facet | Boxer, Emma E. Aoto, Jason |
author_sort | Boxer, Emma E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since the discovery of neurexins (Nrxns) as essential and evolutionarily conserved synaptic adhesion molecules, focus has largely centered on their functional contributions to glutamatergic synapses. Recently, significant advances to our understanding of neurexin function at GABAergic synapses have revealed that neurexins can play pleiotropic roles in regulating inhibitory synapse maintenance and function in a brain-region and synapse-specific manner. GABAergic neurons are incredibly diverse, exhibiting distinct synaptic properties, sites of innervation, neuromodulation, and plasticity. Different classes of GABAergic neurons often express distinct repertoires of Nrxn isoforms that exhibit differential alternative exon usage. Further, Nrxn ligands can be differentially expressed and can display synapse-specific localization patterns, which may contribute to the formation of a complex trans-synaptic molecular code that establishes the properties of inhibitory synapse function and properties of local circuitry. In this review, we will discuss how Nrxns and their ligands sculpt synaptic inhibition in a brain-region, cell-type and synapse-specific manner. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9812575 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98125752023-01-05 Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses Boxer, Emma E. Aoto, Jason Front Synaptic Neurosci Neuroscience Since the discovery of neurexins (Nrxns) as essential and evolutionarily conserved synaptic adhesion molecules, focus has largely centered on their functional contributions to glutamatergic synapses. Recently, significant advances to our understanding of neurexin function at GABAergic synapses have revealed that neurexins can play pleiotropic roles in regulating inhibitory synapse maintenance and function in a brain-region and synapse-specific manner. GABAergic neurons are incredibly diverse, exhibiting distinct synaptic properties, sites of innervation, neuromodulation, and plasticity. Different classes of GABAergic neurons often express distinct repertoires of Nrxn isoforms that exhibit differential alternative exon usage. Further, Nrxn ligands can be differentially expressed and can display synapse-specific localization patterns, which may contribute to the formation of a complex trans-synaptic molecular code that establishes the properties of inhibitory synapse function and properties of local circuitry. In this review, we will discuss how Nrxns and their ligands sculpt synaptic inhibition in a brain-region, cell-type and synapse-specific manner. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9812575/ /pubmed/36618530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1087238 Text en Copyright © 2022 Boxer and Aoto. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Boxer, Emma E. Aoto, Jason Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title | Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title_full | Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title_fullStr | Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title_short | Neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
title_sort | neurexins and their ligands at inhibitory synapses |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9812575/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36618530 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1087238 |
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