Structure and optical properties of perovskite-embedded dual-phase microcrystals synthesized by sonochemistry

Cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX(3), X=Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals embedded in Cs(4)PbX(6) or CsPb(2)X(5) matrices have received interests due to their excellent optical properties. However, their precise endotaxial structures are not known, and the origin of photoluminescence remains controversial. Here we report a sonochemistry technique that allowed us to synthesize high-quality CsPbBr(3)-based microcrystals in all ternary phases, simply by adjusting precursor concentrations in a polar aprotic solvent, N,N-dimethylformamide. The microcrystals with diverse morphologies enabled us to visualize the lattice alignments in the dual-phase composites and confirm CsPbBr(3) nanocrystals being the photoluminescent sites. We demonstrate high solid-state quantum yield of >40% in Cs(4)PbBr(6)/CsPbBr(3) and lasing of CsPbBr(3) microcrystals as small as 2 µm in size. Real-time optical analysis of the reaction solutions provides insights into the formation and phase transformation of different CsPbBr(3)-based microcrystals.