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Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cervical cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths among women, especially in South Africa. The government has introduced some interventions to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in the country. Our group conducted trend analyses of cervical cancer mortality from 1999–2018 to invest...

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Autores principales: Olorunfemi, Gbenga, Libhaber, Elena, Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu, Musenge, Eustasius
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9816936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246256
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author Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
author_facet Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
author_sort Olorunfemi, Gbenga
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cervical cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths among women, especially in South Africa. The government has introduced some interventions to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in the country. Our group conducted trend analyses of cervical cancer mortality from 1999–2018 to investigate if the interventions have reduced the burden. Our study showed that cervical cancer mortality increased from 1999 to 2018 and is more common among Black South Africans as compared to non-Blacks. More public health interventions are necessary to reduce the trends in South Africa. ABSTRACT: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa. The current impact of national cervical cancer control and sexual and reproductive health interventions in South Africa reduce its burden. The aim of this study was to assess the trends in cervical cancer mortality and its relation to breast and gynaecological cancers in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. We conducted joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) for cervical cancer mortality in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. An age–period–cohort regression analysis was also conducted to determine the impact of age, period, and cohort on cervical cancer mortality trends. Analyses were stratified by ethnicity. Cervical cancer (n = 59,190, 43.92%, 95% CI: 43.65–44.18%) was responsible for about 43.9% of breast and gynecological cancer deaths. The mortality rate of cervical cancer (from 11.7 to 14.08 per 100,000) increased at about 0.9% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 0.9% (AAPC: 0.9%, p-value < 0.001)), and young women aged 25 to 49 years (AAPC: 1.2–3.5%, p-value < 0.001) had increased rates. The risk of cervical cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts. In 2018, cervical cancer mortality rate among Blacks (16.74 per 100,000 women) was about twice the rates among Coloureds (8.53 deaths per 100,000 women) and approximately four-fold among Indians/Asians (4.16 deaths per 100,000 women), and Whites (3.06 deaths per 100,000 women). Cervical cancer control efforts should be enhanced in South Africa and targeted at ethnic difference, age, period, and cohort effects.
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spelling pubmed-98169362023-01-07 Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses Olorunfemi, Gbenga Libhaber, Elena Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu Musenge, Eustasius Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cervical cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths among women, especially in South Africa. The government has introduced some interventions to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in the country. Our group conducted trend analyses of cervical cancer mortality from 1999–2018 to investigate if the interventions have reduced the burden. Our study showed that cervical cancer mortality increased from 1999 to 2018 and is more common among Black South Africans as compared to non-Blacks. More public health interventions are necessary to reduce the trends in South Africa. ABSTRACT: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women in low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa. The current impact of national cervical cancer control and sexual and reproductive health interventions in South Africa reduce its burden. The aim of this study was to assess the trends in cervical cancer mortality and its relation to breast and gynaecological cancers in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. We conducted joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) for cervical cancer mortality in South Africa from 1999 to 2018. An age–period–cohort regression analysis was also conducted to determine the impact of age, period, and cohort on cervical cancer mortality trends. Analyses were stratified by ethnicity. Cervical cancer (n = 59,190, 43.92%, 95% CI: 43.65–44.18%) was responsible for about 43.9% of breast and gynecological cancer deaths. The mortality rate of cervical cancer (from 11.7 to 14.08 per 100,000) increased at about 0.9% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 0.9% (AAPC: 0.9%, p-value < 0.001)), and young women aged 25 to 49 years (AAPC: 1.2–3.5%, p-value < 0.001) had increased rates. The risk of cervical cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts. In 2018, cervical cancer mortality rate among Blacks (16.74 per 100,000 women) was about twice the rates among Coloureds (8.53 deaths per 100,000 women) and approximately four-fold among Indians/Asians (4.16 deaths per 100,000 women), and Whites (3.06 deaths per 100,000 women). Cervical cancer control efforts should be enhanced in South Africa and targeted at ethnic difference, age, period, and cohort effects. MDPI 2022-12-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9816936/ /pubmed/36551741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246256 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Olorunfemi, Gbenga
Libhaber, Elena
Ezechi, Oliver Chukwujekwu
Musenge, Eustasius
Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title_full Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title_fullStr Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title_full_unstemmed Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title_short Population-Based Temporal Trends and Ethnic Disparity in Cervical Cancer Mortality in South Africa (1999–2018): A Join Point and Age–Period–Cohort Regression Analyses
title_sort population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in cervical cancer mortality in south africa (1999–2018): a join point and age–period–cohort regression analyses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9816936/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14246256
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