Nutcracker syndrome: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Nutcracker syndrome (NS) is an uncommon condition resulting from the compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery (SMA), resulting in symptoms such as flank pain and hematuria. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 30-year-old woman complaining of abdominal pain who was found to have nutcracker syndrome and treated with endovascular stenting of the left renal vein. DISCUSSION: We review the literature related to endovascular treatment of NS with focus on the distribution of the sizes of stents and rates of stent migration. CONCLUSION: NC is a rare condition requiring a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Endovascular treatment is a reasonable option, but its limitations must be considered.