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A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network
Early and precise COVID-19 identification and analysis are pivotal in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Medical imaging techniques, such as chest X-ray or chest radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and electrocardiogram (ECG) trace images are the most widely known for early discovery and analy...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36611454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13010162 |
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author | Ullah, Naeem Khan, Javed Ali El-Sappagh, Shaker El-Rashidy, Nora Khan, Mohammad Sohail |
author_facet | Ullah, Naeem Khan, Javed Ali El-Sappagh, Shaker El-Rashidy, Nora Khan, Mohammad Sohail |
author_sort | Ullah, Naeem |
collection | PubMed |
description | Early and precise COVID-19 identification and analysis are pivotal in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Medical imaging techniques, such as chest X-ray or chest radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and electrocardiogram (ECG) trace images are the most widely known for early discovery and analysis of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Deep learning (DL) frameworks for identifying COVID-19 positive patients in the literature are limited to one data format, either ECG or chest radiograph images. Moreover, using several data types to recover abnormal patterns caused by COVID-19 could potentially provide more information and restrict the spread of the virus. This study presents an effective COVID-19 detection and classification approach using the Shufflenet CNN by employing three types of images, i.e., chest radiograph, CT-scan, and ECG-trace images. For this purpose, we performed extensive classification experiments with the proposed approach using each type of image. With the chest radiograph dataset, we performed three classification experiments at different levels of granularity, i.e., binary, three-class, and four-class classifications. In addition, we performed a binary classification experiment with the proposed approach by classifying CT-scan images into COVID-positive and normal. Finally, utilizing the ECG-trace images, we conducted three experiments at different levels of granularity, i.e., binary, three-class, and five-class classifications. We evaluated the proposed approach with the baseline COVID-19 Radiography Database, SARS-CoV-2 CT-scan, and ECG images dataset of cardiac and COVID-19 patients. The average accuracy of 99.98% for COVID-19 detection in the three-class classification scheme using chest radiographs, optimal accuracy of 100% for COVID-19 detection using CT scans, and average accuracy of 99.37% for five-class classification scheme using ECG trace images have proved the efficacy of our proposed method over the contemporary methods. The optimal accuracy of 100% for COVID-19 detection using CT scans and the accuracy gain of 1.54% (in the case of five-class classification using ECG trace images) from the previous approach, which utilized ECG images for the first time, has a major contribution to improving the COVID-19 prediction rate in early stages. Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms contemporary models. For example, the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art DL approaches, such as Squeezenet, Alexnet, and Darknet19, by achieving the accuracy of 99.98 (proposed method), 98.29, 98.50, and 99.67, respectively. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9818310 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98183102023-01-07 A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network Ullah, Naeem Khan, Javed Ali El-Sappagh, Shaker El-Rashidy, Nora Khan, Mohammad Sohail Diagnostics (Basel) Article Early and precise COVID-19 identification and analysis are pivotal in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Medical imaging techniques, such as chest X-ray or chest radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scan, and electrocardiogram (ECG) trace images are the most widely known for early discovery and analysis of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Deep learning (DL) frameworks for identifying COVID-19 positive patients in the literature are limited to one data format, either ECG or chest radiograph images. Moreover, using several data types to recover abnormal patterns caused by COVID-19 could potentially provide more information and restrict the spread of the virus. This study presents an effective COVID-19 detection and classification approach using the Shufflenet CNN by employing three types of images, i.e., chest radiograph, CT-scan, and ECG-trace images. For this purpose, we performed extensive classification experiments with the proposed approach using each type of image. With the chest radiograph dataset, we performed three classification experiments at different levels of granularity, i.e., binary, three-class, and four-class classifications. In addition, we performed a binary classification experiment with the proposed approach by classifying CT-scan images into COVID-positive and normal. Finally, utilizing the ECG-trace images, we conducted three experiments at different levels of granularity, i.e., binary, three-class, and five-class classifications. We evaluated the proposed approach with the baseline COVID-19 Radiography Database, SARS-CoV-2 CT-scan, and ECG images dataset of cardiac and COVID-19 patients. The average accuracy of 99.98% for COVID-19 detection in the three-class classification scheme using chest radiographs, optimal accuracy of 100% for COVID-19 detection using CT scans, and average accuracy of 99.37% for five-class classification scheme using ECG trace images have proved the efficacy of our proposed method over the contemporary methods. The optimal accuracy of 100% for COVID-19 detection using CT scans and the accuracy gain of 1.54% (in the case of five-class classification using ECG trace images) from the previous approach, which utilized ECG images for the first time, has a major contribution to improving the COVID-19 prediction rate in early stages. Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms contemporary models. For example, the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art DL approaches, such as Squeezenet, Alexnet, and Darknet19, by achieving the accuracy of 99.98 (proposed method), 98.29, 98.50, and 99.67, respectively. MDPI 2023-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9818310/ /pubmed/36611454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13010162 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ullah, Naeem Khan, Javed Ali El-Sappagh, Shaker El-Rashidy, Nora Khan, Mohammad Sohail A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title | A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title_full | A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title_fullStr | A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title_full_unstemmed | A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title_short | A Holistic Approach to Identify and Classify COVID-19 from Chest Radiographs, ECG, and CT-Scan Images Using ShuffleNet Convolutional Neural Network |
title_sort | holistic approach to identify and classify covid-19 from chest radiographs, ecg, and ct-scan images using shufflenet convolutional neural network |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818310/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36611454 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13010162 |
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