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Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Increasingly, the gastrointestinal microbiome has been identified as an important factor in the pathogenesis of CRC. In this work, for the first time in Iran, an analysis of the whole microbiome in saliva and sto...

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Autores principales: Rezasoltani, Sama, Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh, Jasemi, Seyedesomaye, Gazouli, Maria, Dovrolis, Nikolas, Sadeghi, Amir, Schlüter, Hartmut, Zali, Mohammad Reza, Sechi, Leonardo Antonio, Feizabadi, Mohammad Mehdi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818409/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612188
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010192
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author Rezasoltani, Sama
Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh
Jasemi, Seyedesomaye
Gazouli, Maria
Dovrolis, Nikolas
Sadeghi, Amir
Schlüter, Hartmut
Zali, Mohammad Reza
Sechi, Leonardo Antonio
Feizabadi, Mohammad Mehdi
author_facet Rezasoltani, Sama
Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh
Jasemi, Seyedesomaye
Gazouli, Maria
Dovrolis, Nikolas
Sadeghi, Amir
Schlüter, Hartmut
Zali, Mohammad Reza
Sechi, Leonardo Antonio
Feizabadi, Mohammad Mehdi
author_sort Rezasoltani, Sama
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Increasingly, the gastrointestinal microbiome has been identified as an important factor in the pathogenesis of CRC. In this work, for the first time in Iran, an analysis of the whole microbiome in saliva and stool samples of CRC patients has been conducted, and the results were investigated and compared with healthy controls (HCs). In the present study, we found that there is a distinct clustering of genera associated with the saliva and fecal samples of CRC patients and HCs, respectively, pointing to special microbial signatures in both conditions. However, the roles of microbiota in CRC and HCs require further investigation. ABSTRACT: Alterations of the gut microbiome in cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) hint at the involvement of host–microbe interactions in the onset and progression of CRC and also, possibly, provide novel ways to detect and prevent CRC early. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the oral and fecal microbiomes of an individual can be suitable for CRC screening. Oral and fecal samples (n = 80) were gathered in Taleghani hospital, affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran–Iran, from CRC stage 0 and I patients and healthy controls (HCs), who were screened for the first time. Microbial metagenomics assays were performed for studying microbiota profiles in all oral and fecal samples gathered. An abundance of top bacterial genera from both types of specimens (fecal and saliva samples) revealed a distinction between CRC patients and HCs. In saliva samples, the α diversity index was different between the microbiome of HCs and CRC patients, while β diversity showed a densely clustered microbiome in the HCs but a more dispersed pattern in CRC cases. The α and β diversity of fecal microbiota between HCs and CRC patients showed no statistically significant differences. Bifidobacterium was identified as a potential bacterial biomarker in CRC saliva samples, while Fusobacterium, Dialister, Catonella, Tennerella, Eubacterium-brachy-group, and Fretibacterium were ideal to distinguish HCs from CRC patients. One of the reasons for the heterogeneity of CRC may be the gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota, which can also cause systematic resistance to CRC. Moreover, an evaluation of saliva microbiota might offer a suitable screening test for the early detection of this malignancy, providing more accurate results than its fecal counterpart.
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spelling pubmed-98184092023-01-07 Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening Rezasoltani, Sama Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh Jasemi, Seyedesomaye Gazouli, Maria Dovrolis, Nikolas Sadeghi, Amir Schlüter, Hartmut Zali, Mohammad Reza Sechi, Leonardo Antonio Feizabadi, Mohammad Mehdi Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type worldwide. Increasingly, the gastrointestinal microbiome has been identified as an important factor in the pathogenesis of CRC. In this work, for the first time in Iran, an analysis of the whole microbiome in saliva and stool samples of CRC patients has been conducted, and the results were investigated and compared with healthy controls (HCs). In the present study, we found that there is a distinct clustering of genera associated with the saliva and fecal samples of CRC patients and HCs, respectively, pointing to special microbial signatures in both conditions. However, the roles of microbiota in CRC and HCs require further investigation. ABSTRACT: Alterations of the gut microbiome in cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) hint at the involvement of host–microbe interactions in the onset and progression of CRC and also, possibly, provide novel ways to detect and prevent CRC early. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the oral and fecal microbiomes of an individual can be suitable for CRC screening. Oral and fecal samples (n = 80) were gathered in Taleghani hospital, affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran–Iran, from CRC stage 0 and I patients and healthy controls (HCs), who were screened for the first time. Microbial metagenomics assays were performed for studying microbiota profiles in all oral and fecal samples gathered. An abundance of top bacterial genera from both types of specimens (fecal and saliva samples) revealed a distinction between CRC patients and HCs. In saliva samples, the α diversity index was different between the microbiome of HCs and CRC patients, while β diversity showed a densely clustered microbiome in the HCs but a more dispersed pattern in CRC cases. The α and β diversity of fecal microbiota between HCs and CRC patients showed no statistically significant differences. Bifidobacterium was identified as a potential bacterial biomarker in CRC saliva samples, while Fusobacterium, Dialister, Catonella, Tennerella, Eubacterium-brachy-group, and Fretibacterium were ideal to distinguish HCs from CRC patients. One of the reasons for the heterogeneity of CRC may be the gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiota, which can also cause systematic resistance to CRC. Moreover, an evaluation of saliva microbiota might offer a suitable screening test for the early detection of this malignancy, providing more accurate results than its fecal counterpart. MDPI 2022-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9818409/ /pubmed/36612188 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010192 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rezasoltani, Sama
Aghdaei, Hamid Asadzadeh
Jasemi, Seyedesomaye
Gazouli, Maria
Dovrolis, Nikolas
Sadeghi, Amir
Schlüter, Hartmut
Zali, Mohammad Reza
Sechi, Leonardo Antonio
Feizabadi, Mohammad Mehdi
Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title_full Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title_fullStr Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title_full_unstemmed Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title_short Oral Microbiota as Novel Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Screening
title_sort oral microbiota as novel biomarkers for colorectal cancer screening
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818409/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612188
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010192
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