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The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro

In several mice inflammatory models, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) were shown to protect the intestinal barrier by promoting mucin secretion and suppressing inflammation. However, the functions of the individual HMOs in enhancing mucin expression in vivo have not been compared, and the related...

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Autores principales: Yao, Qianqian, Li, Huiying, Gao, Yanan, Zheng, Nan, Delcenserie, Véronique, Wang, Jiaqi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818439/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613400
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010186
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author Yao, Qianqian
Li, Huiying
Gao, Yanan
Zheng, Nan
Delcenserie, Véronique
Wang, Jiaqi
author_facet Yao, Qianqian
Li, Huiying
Gao, Yanan
Zheng, Nan
Delcenserie, Véronique
Wang, Jiaqi
author_sort Yao, Qianqian
collection PubMed
description In several mice inflammatory models, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) were shown to protect the intestinal barrier by promoting mucin secretion and suppressing inflammation. However, the functions of the individual HMOs in enhancing mucin expression in vivo have not been compared, and the related mechanisms are not yet to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the modulatory effects of 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL), galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose (Lac) on goblet cells’ functions in vitro. The appropriate dosage of the four chemicals was assessed in LS174T cells using the CCK-8 method. Then they were supplemented into a homeostasis and inflammatory environment to further investigate their effects under different conditions. Mucin secretion-related genes, including mucin 2 (MUC2), trefoil factor family 3 (TFF3), resistin-like β (RETNLB), carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5 (CHST5) and galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2 (GAL3ST2), in LS174T cells were detected using quantitative RT-qPCR. The results showed that 2′-FL (2.5 mg/mL, 72 h) was unable to increase MUC2 secretion in a steady-state condition. Comparatively, it exhibited a greater ability to improve mucin secretion under an inflammatory condition compared with GOS, demonstrated by a significant increase in TFF3 and CHST5 mRNA expression levels (p > 0.05). However, 3′-SL and Lac exhibited no effects on mucin secretion. To further investigate the underlying mechanism via which 2′-FL enhanced goblet cells’ secretion function, the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) gene, which is closely related to MUC2 secretion, was silenced using the siRNA method. After silencing the NLRP6 gene, the mRNA expression levels of MUC2, TFF3 and CHST5 in the (2′-FL + tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) + NLRP6 siRNA) group were significantly decreased compared with the (2′-FL + TNF-α) group (p > 0.05), indicating that NLRP6 was essential for MUC2 expression in goblet cells. We further found that 2′-FL could significantly decrease toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, p < 0.05), myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88, p < 0.05) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB, p < 0.05) levels in LS174T inflammatory cells, even when the NLRP6 was silenced. Altogether, these results indicated that in goblet cells, 2′-FL exerts its function via multiple processes, i.e., by promoting mucin secretion through NLRP6 and suppressing inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
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spelling pubmed-98184392023-01-07 The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro Yao, Qianqian Li, Huiying Gao, Yanan Zheng, Nan Delcenserie, Véronique Wang, Jiaqi Foods Article In several mice inflammatory models, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) were shown to protect the intestinal barrier by promoting mucin secretion and suppressing inflammation. However, the functions of the individual HMOs in enhancing mucin expression in vivo have not been compared, and the related mechanisms are not yet to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the modulatory effects of 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL), 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL), galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and lactose (Lac) on goblet cells’ functions in vitro. The appropriate dosage of the four chemicals was assessed in LS174T cells using the CCK-8 method. Then they were supplemented into a homeostasis and inflammatory environment to further investigate their effects under different conditions. Mucin secretion-related genes, including mucin 2 (MUC2), trefoil factor family 3 (TFF3), resistin-like β (RETNLB), carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5 (CHST5) and galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2 (GAL3ST2), in LS174T cells were detected using quantitative RT-qPCR. The results showed that 2′-FL (2.5 mg/mL, 72 h) was unable to increase MUC2 secretion in a steady-state condition. Comparatively, it exhibited a greater ability to improve mucin secretion under an inflammatory condition compared with GOS, demonstrated by a significant increase in TFF3 and CHST5 mRNA expression levels (p > 0.05). However, 3′-SL and Lac exhibited no effects on mucin secretion. To further investigate the underlying mechanism via which 2′-FL enhanced goblet cells’ secretion function, the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) gene, which is closely related to MUC2 secretion, was silenced using the siRNA method. After silencing the NLRP6 gene, the mRNA expression levels of MUC2, TFF3 and CHST5 in the (2′-FL + tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) + NLRP6 siRNA) group were significantly decreased compared with the (2′-FL + TNF-α) group (p > 0.05), indicating that NLRP6 was essential for MUC2 expression in goblet cells. We further found that 2′-FL could significantly decrease toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4, p < 0.05), myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88, p < 0.05) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB, p < 0.05) levels in LS174T inflammatory cells, even when the NLRP6 was silenced. Altogether, these results indicated that in goblet cells, 2′-FL exerts its function via multiple processes, i.e., by promoting mucin secretion through NLRP6 and suppressing inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. MDPI 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9818439/ /pubmed/36613400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010186 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yao, Qianqian
Li, Huiying
Gao, Yanan
Zheng, Nan
Delcenserie, Véronique
Wang, Jiaqi
The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title_full The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title_fullStr The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title_full_unstemmed The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title_short The Milk Active Ingredient, 2′-Fucosyllactose, Inhibits Inflammation and Promotes MUC2 Secretion in LS174T Goblet Cells In Vitro
title_sort milk active ingredient, 2′-fucosyllactose, inhibits inflammation and promotes muc2 secretion in ls174t goblet cells in vitro
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818439/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613400
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010186
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