Cargando…

Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats

Hypertension leads to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. The suppression of these indicators may be one treatment approach. Parboiled germinated brown rice (PGBR), obtained by steaming germinated Jasmine rice, reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo. PGBR contains more bioactive...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: On-Nom, Nattira, Khaengamkham, Kanoknad, Kettawan, Aikkarach, Rungruang, Thanaporn, Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan, Temviriyanukul, Piya, Prangthip, Pattaneeya, Chupeerach, Chaowanee
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613225
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010009
_version_ 1784865023903924224
author On-Nom, Nattira
Khaengamkham, Kanoknad
Kettawan, Aikkarach
Rungruang, Thanaporn
Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan
Temviriyanukul, Piya
Prangthip, Pattaneeya
Chupeerach, Chaowanee
author_facet On-Nom, Nattira
Khaengamkham, Kanoknad
Kettawan, Aikkarach
Rungruang, Thanaporn
Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan
Temviriyanukul, Piya
Prangthip, Pattaneeya
Chupeerach, Chaowanee
author_sort On-Nom, Nattira
collection PubMed
description Hypertension leads to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. The suppression of these indicators may be one treatment approach. Parboiled germinated brown rice (PGBR), obtained by steaming germinated Jasmine rice, reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo. PGBR contains more bioactive compounds than brown rice (BR) and white rice (WR). Anti-hypertensive benefits of PGBR have been predicted, but research is lacking. The anti-hypertensive effects of PGBR were investigated in the downstream gene network of hypertension pathogenesis, including the renin–angiotensin system, fibrosis, oxidative stress production, and antioxidant enzymes in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. To strengthen our findings, the cardiac structure was also studied. PGBR-exposed rats showed significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to the hypertensive group. WR did not reduce SBP because of the loss of bioactive compounds during intensive milling. PGBR also reduced the expression of the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX4), which contribute to the renin–angiotensin system, fibrosis, and oxidative stress production, respectively. Losartan (Los, an anti-hypertensive drug)-treated rats also exhibited similar gene expression, implying that PGBR may reduce hypertension using the same downstream target as Los. Our data also indicated that PGBR reduced cardiac lesions, such as the cardiomyopathy induced by L-NAME. This is the first report on the anti-hypertensive effects of PGBR in vivo by the suppression of the renin response, fibrosis, and improved cardiac structure.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9818593
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98185932023-01-07 Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats On-Nom, Nattira Khaengamkham, Kanoknad Kettawan, Aikkarach Rungruang, Thanaporn Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan Temviriyanukul, Piya Prangthip, Pattaneeya Chupeerach, Chaowanee Foods Article Hypertension leads to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. The suppression of these indicators may be one treatment approach. Parboiled germinated brown rice (PGBR), obtained by steaming germinated Jasmine rice, reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo. PGBR contains more bioactive compounds than brown rice (BR) and white rice (WR). Anti-hypertensive benefits of PGBR have been predicted, but research is lacking. The anti-hypertensive effects of PGBR were investigated in the downstream gene network of hypertension pathogenesis, including the renin–angiotensin system, fibrosis, oxidative stress production, and antioxidant enzymes in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. To strengthen our findings, the cardiac structure was also studied. PGBR-exposed rats showed significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to the hypertensive group. WR did not reduce SBP because of the loss of bioactive compounds during intensive milling. PGBR also reduced the expression of the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX4), which contribute to the renin–angiotensin system, fibrosis, and oxidative stress production, respectively. Losartan (Los, an anti-hypertensive drug)-treated rats also exhibited similar gene expression, implying that PGBR may reduce hypertension using the same downstream target as Los. Our data also indicated that PGBR reduced cardiac lesions, such as the cardiomyopathy induced by L-NAME. This is the first report on the anti-hypertensive effects of PGBR in vivo by the suppression of the renin response, fibrosis, and improved cardiac structure. MDPI 2022-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9818593/ /pubmed/36613225 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010009 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
On-Nom, Nattira
Khaengamkham, Kanoknad
Kettawan, Aikkarach
Rungruang, Thanaporn
Suttisansanee, Uthaiwan
Temviriyanukul, Piya
Prangthip, Pattaneeya
Chupeerach, Chaowanee
Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title_full Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title_fullStr Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title_full_unstemmed Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title_short Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice Improves Cardiac Structure and Gene Expression in Hypertensive Rats
title_sort parboiled germinated brown rice improves cardiac structure and gene expression in hypertensive rats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9818593/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613225
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010009
work_keys_str_mv AT onnomnattira parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT khaengamkhamkanoknad parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT kettawanaikkarach parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT rungruangthanaporn parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT suttisansaneeuthaiwan parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT temviriyanukulpiya parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT prangthippattaneeya parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats
AT chupeerachchaowanee parboiledgerminatedbrownriceimprovescardiacstructureandgeneexpressioninhypertensiverats