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What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19
Background: This study aimed to identify clusters of long COVID-19 symptoms using latent class analysis and investigate the psychological factors involved in the onset of this syndrome. Method: Five hundred and six subjects recovering from COVID-19 completed a series of standardized questionnaires t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9819212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612816 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010494 |
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author | Craparo, Giuseppe La Rosa, Valentina Lucia Commodari, Elena Marino, Graziella Vezzoli, Michela Faraci, Palmira Vicario, Carmelo Mario Cinà, Gabriella Serena Colombi, Morena Arcoleo, Giuseppe Severino, Maria Costanzo, Giulia Gori, Alessio Mangiapane, Ernesto |
author_facet | Craparo, Giuseppe La Rosa, Valentina Lucia Commodari, Elena Marino, Graziella Vezzoli, Michela Faraci, Palmira Vicario, Carmelo Mario Cinà, Gabriella Serena Colombi, Morena Arcoleo, Giuseppe Severino, Maria Costanzo, Giulia Gori, Alessio Mangiapane, Ernesto |
author_sort | Craparo, Giuseppe |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: This study aimed to identify clusters of long COVID-19 symptoms using latent class analysis and investigate the psychological factors involved in the onset of this syndrome. Method: Five hundred and six subjects recovering from COVID-19 completed a series of standardized questionnaires to evaluate the personality traits, alexithymia, and post-traumatic stress. Results: Five classes were identified: Brain fog (31.82%), No symptoms (20.95%), Sensory disorders (18.77%), Breath impairment (17.59%), and Multiple disorders (10.87%). Women reported post-COVID-19 respiratory symptoms and multiple disorders to a greater extent than men. Hospitalized subjects were more likely to report persistent symptoms after COVID-19 than asymptomatic or home-treated subjects. Antagonism, hyperarousal, and difficulty identifying emotions significantly predicted post COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions: These findings open new questions for research on long COVID-19 and how states of emotional dysregulation can alter the physiological processes of the body and contribute to the onset of organic pathologies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9819212 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98192122023-01-07 What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 Craparo, Giuseppe La Rosa, Valentina Lucia Commodari, Elena Marino, Graziella Vezzoli, Michela Faraci, Palmira Vicario, Carmelo Mario Cinà, Gabriella Serena Colombi, Morena Arcoleo, Giuseppe Severino, Maria Costanzo, Giulia Gori, Alessio Mangiapane, Ernesto Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: This study aimed to identify clusters of long COVID-19 symptoms using latent class analysis and investigate the psychological factors involved in the onset of this syndrome. Method: Five hundred and six subjects recovering from COVID-19 completed a series of standardized questionnaires to evaluate the personality traits, alexithymia, and post-traumatic stress. Results: Five classes were identified: Brain fog (31.82%), No symptoms (20.95%), Sensory disorders (18.77%), Breath impairment (17.59%), and Multiple disorders (10.87%). Women reported post-COVID-19 respiratory symptoms and multiple disorders to a greater extent than men. Hospitalized subjects were more likely to report persistent symptoms after COVID-19 than asymptomatic or home-treated subjects. Antagonism, hyperarousal, and difficulty identifying emotions significantly predicted post COVID-19 symptoms. Conclusions: These findings open new questions for research on long COVID-19 and how states of emotional dysregulation can alter the physiological processes of the body and contribute to the onset of organic pathologies. MDPI 2022-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9819212/ /pubmed/36612816 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010494 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Craparo, Giuseppe La Rosa, Valentina Lucia Commodari, Elena Marino, Graziella Vezzoli, Michela Faraci, Palmira Vicario, Carmelo Mario Cinà, Gabriella Serena Colombi, Morena Arcoleo, Giuseppe Severino, Maria Costanzo, Giulia Gori, Alessio Mangiapane, Ernesto What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title | What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title_full | What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title_fullStr | What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed | What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title_short | What Is the Role of Psychological Factors in Long COVID Syndrome? Latent Class Analysis in a Sample of Patients Recovered from COVID-19 |
title_sort | what is the role of psychological factors in long covid syndrome? latent class analysis in a sample of patients recovered from covid-19 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9819212/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612816 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010494 |
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