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Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy

Childhood obesity is a relevant public health problem. The school food environment has been identified as an important factor for promoting healthy eating behaviors. This study assessed the availability of and proximity to unhealthy food stores around schools (n = 22) in the city of Barcelona and it...

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Autores principales: Londoño-Cañola, Catalina, Serral, Gemma, Díez, Julia, Martínez-García, Alba, Franco, Manuel, Artazcoz, Lucía, Ariza, Carlos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9819657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010649
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author Londoño-Cañola, Catalina
Serral, Gemma
Díez, Julia
Martínez-García, Alba
Franco, Manuel
Artazcoz, Lucía
Ariza, Carlos
author_facet Londoño-Cañola, Catalina
Serral, Gemma
Díez, Julia
Martínez-García, Alba
Franco, Manuel
Artazcoz, Lucía
Ariza, Carlos
author_sort Londoño-Cañola, Catalina
collection PubMed
description Childhood obesity is a relevant public health problem. The school food environment has been identified as an important factor for promoting healthy eating behaviors. This study assessed the availability of and proximity to unhealthy food stores around schools (n = 22) in the city of Barcelona and its association with neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES). We conducted this cross-sectional study between 2019 and 2020. First, we identified all food retailers (n = 153) within a 400-m buffer around each school and identified those selling unhealthy food products. Then, we used Poison regression models to measure the association between NSES and the healthy food availability index (HFAI), adjusting for population density and distance. A total of 95% of the food establishments studied were classified as unhealthy (n = 146). In all, 90% of schools that had, at least, two unhealthy retailers in their proximity. There were significant differences in the mean distance to unhealthy establishments according to neighborhood SES and population density (p < 0.05). We found a positive association between schools located in higher SES neighborhoods and a higher availability and affordability of healthy food products (IIR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.45–1.91 p = 0.000). We found strong social inequalities in the supply of healthy foods in Barcelona. Local food policy interventions addressing retail food environment around schools should consider socioeconomic inequalities.
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spelling pubmed-98196572023-01-07 Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy Londoño-Cañola, Catalina Serral, Gemma Díez, Julia Martínez-García, Alba Franco, Manuel Artazcoz, Lucía Ariza, Carlos Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Childhood obesity is a relevant public health problem. The school food environment has been identified as an important factor for promoting healthy eating behaviors. This study assessed the availability of and proximity to unhealthy food stores around schools (n = 22) in the city of Barcelona and its association with neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES). We conducted this cross-sectional study between 2019 and 2020. First, we identified all food retailers (n = 153) within a 400-m buffer around each school and identified those selling unhealthy food products. Then, we used Poison regression models to measure the association between NSES and the healthy food availability index (HFAI), adjusting for population density and distance. A total of 95% of the food establishments studied were classified as unhealthy (n = 146). In all, 90% of schools that had, at least, two unhealthy retailers in their proximity. There were significant differences in the mean distance to unhealthy establishments according to neighborhood SES and population density (p < 0.05). We found a positive association between schools located in higher SES neighborhoods and a higher availability and affordability of healthy food products (IIR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.45–1.91 p = 0.000). We found strong social inequalities in the supply of healthy foods in Barcelona. Local food policy interventions addressing retail food environment around schools should consider socioeconomic inequalities. MDPI 2022-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9819657/ /pubmed/36612971 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010649 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Londoño-Cañola, Catalina
Serral, Gemma
Díez, Julia
Martínez-García, Alba
Franco, Manuel
Artazcoz, Lucía
Ariza, Carlos
Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title_full Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title_fullStr Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title_full_unstemmed Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title_short Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy
title_sort retail food environment around schools in barcelona by neighborhood socioeconomic status: implications for local food policy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9819657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36612971
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010649
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