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4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells
Silk sericin is a degumming product used by the silk industry. The degumming process can affect the protein structure and molecular weight of silk sericin. The present study examined how pretreatment with 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) affects the biomedical properties of silk sericin. Before the degumming...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820107/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613594 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010150 |
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author | Lee, Ji Hae Kweon, HaeYong Oh, Ji-Hyeon Kang, Yei-Jin Kim, Dae-Won Yang, Won-Geun Chae, Weon-Sik Kim, Seong-Gon |
author_facet | Lee, Ji Hae Kweon, HaeYong Oh, Ji-Hyeon Kang, Yei-Jin Kim, Dae-Won Yang, Won-Geun Chae, Weon-Sik Kim, Seong-Gon |
author_sort | Lee, Ji Hae |
collection | PubMed |
description | Silk sericin is a degumming product used by the silk industry. The degumming process can affect the protein structure and molecular weight of silk sericin. The present study examined how pretreatment with 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) affects the biomedical properties of silk sericin. Before the degumming process, silkworm cocoons were treated with 4HR solution. The protein structure of the final degumming product was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy. Untreated silk sericin (S) and silk sericin pretreated with 4HR (S+4HR) were added to RAW264.7 cells, and the expression of BMP-2 was determined. The bone-regenerating capacity of S+4HR was evaluated using the critical-sized rat calvarial defect model. Compared with S, S+4HR showed an increase in β-sheet structures. Administration of S+4HR to RAW264.7 cells increased expression of BMP-2, mainly via the TLR-mediated signaling pathway. Bone volume, as measured by micro-computerized tomography, was significantly greater in the S+4HR group than in the S, gelatin alone, and unfilled control groups (p < 0.05 each). Expression of BMP-2 and runx2 in tissue specimens was significantly higher following treatment with S+4HR than with S (p < 0.05). Taken together, these findings show that 4HR pretreatment before the degumming process increased the β-sheet structure of silk sericin, as well as inducing BMP-2 expression and bone regeneration ability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9820107 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98201072023-01-07 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells Lee, Ji Hae Kweon, HaeYong Oh, Ji-Hyeon Kang, Yei-Jin Kim, Dae-Won Yang, Won-Geun Chae, Weon-Sik Kim, Seong-Gon Int J Mol Sci Article Silk sericin is a degumming product used by the silk industry. The degumming process can affect the protein structure and molecular weight of silk sericin. The present study examined how pretreatment with 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) affects the biomedical properties of silk sericin. Before the degumming process, silkworm cocoons were treated with 4HR solution. The protein structure of the final degumming product was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy. Untreated silk sericin (S) and silk sericin pretreated with 4HR (S+4HR) were added to RAW264.7 cells, and the expression of BMP-2 was determined. The bone-regenerating capacity of S+4HR was evaluated using the critical-sized rat calvarial defect model. Compared with S, S+4HR showed an increase in β-sheet structures. Administration of S+4HR to RAW264.7 cells increased expression of BMP-2, mainly via the TLR-mediated signaling pathway. Bone volume, as measured by micro-computerized tomography, was significantly greater in the S+4HR group than in the S, gelatin alone, and unfilled control groups (p < 0.05 each). Expression of BMP-2 and runx2 in tissue specimens was significantly higher following treatment with S+4HR than with S (p < 0.05). Taken together, these findings show that 4HR pretreatment before the degumming process increased the β-sheet structure of silk sericin, as well as inducing BMP-2 expression and bone regeneration ability. MDPI 2022-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9820107/ /pubmed/36613594 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010150 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Ji Hae Kweon, HaeYong Oh, Ji-Hyeon Kang, Yei-Jin Kim, Dae-Won Yang, Won-Geun Chae, Weon-Sik Kim, Seong-Gon 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title | 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title_full | 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title_fullStr | 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title_short | 4-Hexylresorcinol Treatment before Degumming Increases the β-Sheet Structure of Silk Sericin and BMP-2 Expression in RAW264.7 Cells |
title_sort | 4-hexylresorcinol treatment before degumming increases the β-sheet structure of silk sericin and bmp-2 expression in raw264.7 cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820107/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613594 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010150 |
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