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Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by lower responsiveness of tissues to insulin and consequent large variations in circulating levels of glucose. This fluctuation has harmful effects as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can be very injurious. The causes of diabetes are varied but the...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Bondy, Stephen C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614008
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010566
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author Bondy, Stephen C.
author_facet Bondy, Stephen C.
author_sort Bondy, Stephen C.
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description Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by lower responsiveness of tissues to insulin and consequent large variations in circulating levels of glucose. This fluctuation has harmful effects as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can be very injurious. The causes of diabetes are varied but the consequences are rather uniform. Dietary factors are important especially in adult onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) while type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by having a stronger heritable component and involving autoimmune attach on pancreatic beta cells. This review is focused on the relation of the bacterial components found within the intestine, to the establishment and maintenance of diabetes. The precise composition of the gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a factor in organismic health and its interaction with a variety of disease states has been described. This is especially marked in the case of diabetes since the nature of the diet is an important factor in establishing both the microbiome and the incidence of diabetes. The bidirectional nature of this relationship is discussed. The effects of disease that lead to altered microbiomal composition together with aberrant metabolic changes are also included. Emphasis is given to the important role of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as mediators of the microbiome-diabetes relation.
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spelling pubmed-98202772023-01-07 Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population Bondy, Stephen C. Int J Mol Sci Review Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by lower responsiveness of tissues to insulin and consequent large variations in circulating levels of glucose. This fluctuation has harmful effects as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can be very injurious. The causes of diabetes are varied but the consequences are rather uniform. Dietary factors are important especially in adult onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) while type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by having a stronger heritable component and involving autoimmune attach on pancreatic beta cells. This review is focused on the relation of the bacterial components found within the intestine, to the establishment and maintenance of diabetes. The precise composition of the gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a factor in organismic health and its interaction with a variety of disease states has been described. This is especially marked in the case of diabetes since the nature of the diet is an important factor in establishing both the microbiome and the incidence of diabetes. The bidirectional nature of this relationship is discussed. The effects of disease that lead to altered microbiomal composition together with aberrant metabolic changes are also included. Emphasis is given to the important role of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as mediators of the microbiome-diabetes relation. MDPI 2022-12-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9820277/ /pubmed/36614008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010566 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bondy, Stephen C.
Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title_full Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title_fullStr Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title_full_unstemmed Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title_short Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population
title_sort relationships between diabetes and the intestinal microbial population
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614008
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010566
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