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Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi)
Metagenomic methods are powerful tools to investigate viral diversity in biological or environmental samples and to identify previously unknown viruses. We used RNA metagenomics to identify, in the gut of red-backed voles, the nearly complete genomes of two novel members of the Kitrinoviricota, a ph...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820622/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613573 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010131 |
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author | Canuti, Marta Rodrigues, Bruce Lang, Andrew S. Dufour, Suzanne C. Verhoeven, Joost T. P. |
author_facet | Canuti, Marta Rodrigues, Bruce Lang, Andrew S. Dufour, Suzanne C. Verhoeven, Joost T. P. |
author_sort | Canuti, Marta |
collection | PubMed |
description | Metagenomic methods are powerful tools to investigate viral diversity in biological or environmental samples and to identify previously unknown viruses. We used RNA metagenomics to identify, in the gut of red-backed voles, the nearly complete genomes of two novel members of the Kitrinoviricota, a phylum including viruses with positive-sense ssRNA genomes encoding an RNA-directed RNA polymerase. The genome of a novel member of the Tombusviridae presented four open reading frames (ORFs); a −1 frameshift is potentially involved in generating the viral replicase. This sequence was part of a phylogenetic clade that did not include any officially classified species. The second genome presented a large ORF coding for a viral polyprotein containing the typical protein domains common to flexiviruses. The sequence clustered with currently known members of the Deltaflexiviridae. Both viruses appear to represent the first members of novel species in yet undefined genera. The identified viruses likely originated from the vole diet as members of the two viral families are known to infect plants and fungi, respectively. Investigating public databases demonstrated that a much higher richness than currently recognized exists for these two viral families, highlighting the need to update taxonomy systems and possibly also include genomes identified through metagenomics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9820622 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98206222023-01-07 Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) Canuti, Marta Rodrigues, Bruce Lang, Andrew S. Dufour, Suzanne C. Verhoeven, Joost T. P. Int J Mol Sci Brief Report Metagenomic methods are powerful tools to investigate viral diversity in biological or environmental samples and to identify previously unknown viruses. We used RNA metagenomics to identify, in the gut of red-backed voles, the nearly complete genomes of two novel members of the Kitrinoviricota, a phylum including viruses with positive-sense ssRNA genomes encoding an RNA-directed RNA polymerase. The genome of a novel member of the Tombusviridae presented four open reading frames (ORFs); a −1 frameshift is potentially involved in generating the viral replicase. This sequence was part of a phylogenetic clade that did not include any officially classified species. The second genome presented a large ORF coding for a viral polyprotein containing the typical protein domains common to flexiviruses. The sequence clustered with currently known members of the Deltaflexiviridae. Both viruses appear to represent the first members of novel species in yet undefined genera. The identified viruses likely originated from the vole diet as members of the two viral families are known to infect plants and fungi, respectively. Investigating public databases demonstrated that a much higher richness than currently recognized exists for these two viral families, highlighting the need to update taxonomy systems and possibly also include genomes identified through metagenomics. MDPI 2022-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9820622/ /pubmed/36613573 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010131 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Brief Report Canuti, Marta Rodrigues, Bruce Lang, Andrew S. Dufour, Suzanne C. Verhoeven, Joost T. P. Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title | Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title_full | Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title_fullStr | Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title_full_unstemmed | Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title_short | Novel Divergent Members of the Kitrinoviricota Discovered through Metagenomics in the Intestinal Contents of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) |
title_sort | novel divergent members of the kitrinoviricota discovered through metagenomics in the intestinal contents of red-backed voles (clethrionomys gapperi) |
topic | Brief Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820622/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36613573 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010131 |
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