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Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder manifesting by eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. Atopic dermatitis develops primarily as a result of an epidermal barrier defect and immunological imbalance. Advances in understanding these pathogenetic hallmarks, and partic...

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Autores principales: Makowska, Karolina, Nowaczyk, Joanna, Blicharz, Leszek, Waśkiel-Burnat, Anna, Czuwara, Joanna, Olszewska, Małgorzata, Rudnicka, Lidia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010781
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author Makowska, Karolina
Nowaczyk, Joanna
Blicharz, Leszek
Waśkiel-Burnat, Anna
Czuwara, Joanna
Olszewska, Małgorzata
Rudnicka, Lidia
author_facet Makowska, Karolina
Nowaczyk, Joanna
Blicharz, Leszek
Waśkiel-Burnat, Anna
Czuwara, Joanna
Olszewska, Małgorzata
Rudnicka, Lidia
author_sort Makowska, Karolina
collection PubMed
description Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder manifesting by eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. Atopic dermatitis develops primarily as a result of an epidermal barrier defect and immunological imbalance. Advances in understanding these pathogenetic hallmarks, and particularly the complex role of interleukins as atopic dermatitis drivers, resulted in achieving significant therapeutic breakthroughs. Novel medications involve monoclonal antibodies specifically blocking the function of selected interleukins and small molecules such as Janus kinase inhibitors limiting downstream signaling to reduce the expression of a wider array of proinflammatory factors. Nevertheless, a subset of patients remains refractory to those treatments, highlighting the complexity of atopic dermatitis immunopathogenesis in different populations. In this review, we address the immunological heterogeneity of atopic dermatitis endotypes and phenotypes and present novel interleukin-oriented therapies for this disease.
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spelling pubmed-98208292023-01-07 Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments Makowska, Karolina Nowaczyk, Joanna Blicharz, Leszek Waśkiel-Burnat, Anna Czuwara, Joanna Olszewska, Małgorzata Rudnicka, Lidia Int J Mol Sci Review Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder manifesting by eczematous lesions and intense pruritus. Atopic dermatitis develops primarily as a result of an epidermal barrier defect and immunological imbalance. Advances in understanding these pathogenetic hallmarks, and particularly the complex role of interleukins as atopic dermatitis drivers, resulted in achieving significant therapeutic breakthroughs. Novel medications involve monoclonal antibodies specifically blocking the function of selected interleukins and small molecules such as Janus kinase inhibitors limiting downstream signaling to reduce the expression of a wider array of proinflammatory factors. Nevertheless, a subset of patients remains refractory to those treatments, highlighting the complexity of atopic dermatitis immunopathogenesis in different populations. In this review, we address the immunological heterogeneity of atopic dermatitis endotypes and phenotypes and present novel interleukin-oriented therapies for this disease. MDPI 2023-01-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9820829/ /pubmed/36614224 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010781 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Makowska, Karolina
Nowaczyk, Joanna
Blicharz, Leszek
Waśkiel-Burnat, Anna
Czuwara, Joanna
Olszewska, Małgorzata
Rudnicka, Lidia
Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title_full Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title_fullStr Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title_full_unstemmed Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title_short Immunopathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis: Focus on Interleukins as Disease Drivers and Therapeutic Targets for Novel Treatments
title_sort immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: focus on interleukins as disease drivers and therapeutic targets for novel treatments
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614224
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010781
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