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The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Several studies have shown that female reproductive factors are associated with breast cancer (BC), but the results differ. We conducted two-sample MR in the present work. The raw data applied in the MR study were all from the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) database. The causal effect of repro...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820938/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36615147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010347 |
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author | Jia, Lijun Lv, Wei Liang, Liang Ma, Yuguang Ma, Xingcong Zhang, Shuqun Zhao, Yonglin |
author_facet | Jia, Lijun Lv, Wei Liang, Liang Ma, Yuguang Ma, Xingcong Zhang, Shuqun Zhao, Yonglin |
author_sort | Jia, Lijun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Several studies have shown that female reproductive factors are associated with breast cancer (BC), but the results differ. We conducted two-sample MR in the present work. The raw data applied in the MR study were all from the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) database. The causal effect of reproductive factors on breast cancer were mainly estimated by the standard inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Cochran’s Q test and I(2) statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. The pleiotropy was evaluated by MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO. Finally, the leave-one-out analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of the MR results. We found that there was a negative causal effect of the age at last live birth on BC (OR = 0.687, 95%CI = 0.539–0.875, p = 0.002) and positive effect of the age at menopause on BC (OR = 1.054, 95%CI = 1.034–1.075, p = 8.010 × 10(−8)). Additionally, there were null effects of the age at menarche (OR = 0.977, 95%CI = 0.915–1.043, p = 0.484), the age at first sexual intercourse (OR = 1.053, 95%CI = 0.958–1.157, p = 0.284) and the age at first birth (OR = 0.981, 95%CI = 0.936–1.027, p = 0.404) on BC. All these results were reliable and stable. In conclusion, the present study showed that younger age at last birth and older age at menopause could increase the risk of BC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9820938 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98209382023-01-07 The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study Jia, Lijun Lv, Wei Liang, Liang Ma, Yuguang Ma, Xingcong Zhang, Shuqun Zhao, Yonglin J Clin Med Article Several studies have shown that female reproductive factors are associated with breast cancer (BC), but the results differ. We conducted two-sample MR in the present work. The raw data applied in the MR study were all from the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) database. The causal effect of reproductive factors on breast cancer were mainly estimated by the standard inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Cochran’s Q test and I(2) statistics were used to assess heterogeneity. The pleiotropy was evaluated by MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO. Finally, the leave-one-out analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness of the MR results. We found that there was a negative causal effect of the age at last live birth on BC (OR = 0.687, 95%CI = 0.539–0.875, p = 0.002) and positive effect of the age at menopause on BC (OR = 1.054, 95%CI = 1.034–1.075, p = 8.010 × 10(−8)). Additionally, there were null effects of the age at menarche (OR = 0.977, 95%CI = 0.915–1.043, p = 0.484), the age at first sexual intercourse (OR = 1.053, 95%CI = 0.958–1.157, p = 0.284) and the age at first birth (OR = 0.981, 95%CI = 0.936–1.027, p = 0.404) on BC. All these results were reliable and stable. In conclusion, the present study showed that younger age at last birth and older age at menopause could increase the risk of BC. MDPI 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9820938/ /pubmed/36615147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010347 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jia, Lijun Lv, Wei Liang, Liang Ma, Yuguang Ma, Xingcong Zhang, Shuqun Zhao, Yonglin The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title | The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full | The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_fullStr | The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full_unstemmed | The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_short | The Causal Effect of Reproductive Factors on Breast Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_sort | causal effect of reproductive factors on breast cancer: a two-sample mendelian randomization study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9820938/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36615147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010347 |
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