Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies

Melanoma is a common and aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes. The increasing incidence of cutaneous melanoma in recent last decades highlights the need for predictive biomarkers studies. Melanoma development is a complex process, involving the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environm...

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Autores principales: Zob, Daniela Luminita, Augustin, Iolanda, Caba, Lavinia, Panzaru, Monica-Cristina, Popa, Setalia, Popa, Alina Delia, Florea, Laura, Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010716
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author Zob, Daniela Luminita
Augustin, Iolanda
Caba, Lavinia
Panzaru, Monica-Cristina
Popa, Setalia
Popa, Alina Delia
Florea, Laura
Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad
author_facet Zob, Daniela Luminita
Augustin, Iolanda
Caba, Lavinia
Panzaru, Monica-Cristina
Popa, Setalia
Popa, Alina Delia
Florea, Laura
Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad
author_sort Zob, Daniela Luminita
collection PubMed
description Melanoma is a common and aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes. The increasing incidence of cutaneous melanoma in recent last decades highlights the need for predictive biomarkers studies. Melanoma development is a complex process, involving the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Genetic aberrations include BRAF, NRAS, NF1, MAP2K1/MAP2K2, KIT, GNAQ, GNA11, CDKN2A, TERT mutations, and translocations of kinases. Epigenetic alterations involve microRNAs, non-coding RNAs, histones modifications, and abnormal DNA methylations. Genetic aberrations and epigenetic marks are important as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease recurrence, and for therapeutic targets. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the genomic and epigenetic changes in melanoma and discusses the latest scientific information.
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spelling pubmed-98210832023-01-07 Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies Zob, Daniela Luminita Augustin, Iolanda Caba, Lavinia Panzaru, Monica-Cristina Popa, Setalia Popa, Alina Delia Florea, Laura Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad Int J Mol Sci Review Melanoma is a common and aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes. The increasing incidence of cutaneous melanoma in recent last decades highlights the need for predictive biomarkers studies. Melanoma development is a complex process, involving the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Genetic aberrations include BRAF, NRAS, NF1, MAP2K1/MAP2K2, KIT, GNAQ, GNA11, CDKN2A, TERT mutations, and translocations of kinases. Epigenetic alterations involve microRNAs, non-coding RNAs, histones modifications, and abnormal DNA methylations. Genetic aberrations and epigenetic marks are important as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease recurrence, and for therapeutic targets. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the genomic and epigenetic changes in melanoma and discusses the latest scientific information. MDPI 2022-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9821083/ /pubmed/36614156 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010716 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zob, Daniela Luminita
Augustin, Iolanda
Caba, Lavinia
Panzaru, Monica-Cristina
Popa, Setalia
Popa, Alina Delia
Florea, Laura
Gorduza, Eusebiu Vlad
Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title_full Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title_fullStr Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title_full_unstemmed Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title_short Genomics and Epigenomics in the Molecular Biology of Melanoma—A Prerequisite for Biomarkers Studies
title_sort genomics and epigenomics in the molecular biology of melanoma—a prerequisite for biomarkers studies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010716
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