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Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the de...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104 |
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author | Liu, Xinyou Xu, Xin Tu, Xinwei Ma, Wanrong Huang, Houyi Varodi, Anca Maria |
author_facet | Liu, Xinyou Xu, Xin Tu, Xinwei Ma, Wanrong Huang, Houyi Varodi, Anca Maria |
author_sort | Liu, Xinyou |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the degree of degradation of the waterlogged archaeological wood, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (NI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to compare the new and ancient wood samples from the same species. The microscopic structures of the samples were identified as Pinus massoniana. The XRD and nanoindentation results revealed that the crystallinity index of the cellulose decreased from 41.07% to 33.85%, the elastic modulus was reduced by 20.90%, and hardness was reduced by 55.6% compared with the new wood. The FTIR spectra revealed that biological deterioration occurred in the cellulose and hemicellulose, but there was no noticeable change in the lignin content. These results provide helpful information for the conservation and restoration of ancient ships. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9821743 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98217432023-01-07 Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty Liu, Xinyou Xu, Xin Tu, Xinwei Ma, Wanrong Huang, Houyi Varodi, Anca Maria Materials (Basel) Article In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the degree of degradation of the waterlogged archaeological wood, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (NI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to compare the new and ancient wood samples from the same species. The microscopic structures of the samples were identified as Pinus massoniana. The XRD and nanoindentation results revealed that the crystallinity index of the cellulose decreased from 41.07% to 33.85%, the elastic modulus was reduced by 20.90%, and hardness was reduced by 55.6% compared with the new wood. The FTIR spectra revealed that biological deterioration occurred in the cellulose and hemicellulose, but there was no noticeable change in the lignin content. These results provide helpful information for the conservation and restoration of ancient ships. MDPI 2022-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9821743/ /pubmed/36614442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Liu, Xinyou Xu, Xin Tu, Xinwei Ma, Wanrong Huang, Houyi Varodi, Anca Maria Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title | Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title_full | Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title_fullStr | Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title_short | Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty |
title_sort | characteristics of ancient ship wood from taicang of the yuan dynasty |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821743/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104 |
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