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Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty

In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the de...

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Autores principales: Liu, Xinyou, Xu, Xin, Tu, Xinwei, Ma, Wanrong, Huang, Houyi, Varodi, Anca Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614442
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104
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author Liu, Xinyou
Xu, Xin
Tu, Xinwei
Ma, Wanrong
Huang, Houyi
Varodi, Anca Maria
author_facet Liu, Xinyou
Xu, Xin
Tu, Xinwei
Ma, Wanrong
Huang, Houyi
Varodi, Anca Maria
author_sort Liu, Xinyou
collection PubMed
description In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the degree of degradation of the waterlogged archaeological wood, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (NI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to compare the new and ancient wood samples from the same species. The microscopic structures of the samples were identified as Pinus massoniana. The XRD and nanoindentation results revealed that the crystallinity index of the cellulose decreased from 41.07% to 33.85%, the elastic modulus was reduced by 20.90%, and hardness was reduced by 55.6% compared with the new wood. The FTIR spectra revealed that biological deterioration occurred in the cellulose and hemicellulose, but there was no noticeable change in the lignin content. These results provide helpful information for the conservation and restoration of ancient ships.
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spelling pubmed-98217432023-01-07 Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty Liu, Xinyou Xu, Xin Tu, Xinwei Ma, Wanrong Huang, Houyi Varodi, Anca Maria Materials (Basel) Article In this study, wood samples extracted from the Taicang ancient ship, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty, were investigated to study the characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. The macroscopic characteristics and microscopic structures were used to identify the wood species. To assess the degree of degradation of the waterlogged archaeological wood, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation (NI), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to compare the new and ancient wood samples from the same species. The microscopic structures of the samples were identified as Pinus massoniana. The XRD and nanoindentation results revealed that the crystallinity index of the cellulose decreased from 41.07% to 33.85%, the elastic modulus was reduced by 20.90%, and hardness was reduced by 55.6% compared with the new wood. The FTIR spectra revealed that biological deterioration occurred in the cellulose and hemicellulose, but there was no noticeable change in the lignin content. These results provide helpful information for the conservation and restoration of ancient ships. MDPI 2022-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9821743/ /pubmed/36614442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Xinyou
Xu, Xin
Tu, Xinwei
Ma, Wanrong
Huang, Houyi
Varodi, Anca Maria
Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title_full Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title_fullStr Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title_full_unstemmed Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title_short Characteristics of Ancient Ship Wood from Taicang of the Yuan Dynasty
title_sort characteristics of ancient ship wood from taicang of the yuan dynasty
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821743/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36614442
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010104
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