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Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete
Ancient Roman concretes have survived millennia, but mechanistic insights into their durability remain an enigma. Here, we use a multiscale correlative elemental and chemical mapping approach to investigating relict lime clasts, a ubiquitous and conspicuous mineral component associated with ancient...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821858/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36608117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add1602 |
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author | Seymour, Linda M. Maragh, Janille Sabatini, Paolo Di Tommaso, Michel Weaver, James C. Masic, Admir |
author_facet | Seymour, Linda M. Maragh, Janille Sabatini, Paolo Di Tommaso, Michel Weaver, James C. Masic, Admir |
author_sort | Seymour, Linda M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ancient Roman concretes have survived millennia, but mechanistic insights into their durability remain an enigma. Here, we use a multiscale correlative elemental and chemical mapping approach to investigating relict lime clasts, a ubiquitous and conspicuous mineral component associated with ancient Roman mortars. Together, these analyses provide new insights into mortar preparation methodologies and provide evidence that the Romans employed hot mixing, using quicklime in conjunction with, or instead of, slaked lime, to create an environment where high surface area aggregate-scale lime clasts are retained within the mortar matrix. Inspired by these findings, we propose that these macroscopic inclusions might serve as critical sources of reactive calcium for long-term pore and crack-filling or post-pozzolanic reactivity within the cementitious constructs. The subsequent development and testing of modern lime clast–containing cementitious mixtures demonstrate their self-healing potential, thus paving the way for the development of more durable, resilient, and sustainable concrete formulations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9821858 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98218582023-01-18 Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete Seymour, Linda M. Maragh, Janille Sabatini, Paolo Di Tommaso, Michel Weaver, James C. Masic, Admir Sci Adv Physical and Materials Sciences Ancient Roman concretes have survived millennia, but mechanistic insights into their durability remain an enigma. Here, we use a multiscale correlative elemental and chemical mapping approach to investigating relict lime clasts, a ubiquitous and conspicuous mineral component associated with ancient Roman mortars. Together, these analyses provide new insights into mortar preparation methodologies and provide evidence that the Romans employed hot mixing, using quicklime in conjunction with, or instead of, slaked lime, to create an environment where high surface area aggregate-scale lime clasts are retained within the mortar matrix. Inspired by these findings, we propose that these macroscopic inclusions might serve as critical sources of reactive calcium for long-term pore and crack-filling or post-pozzolanic reactivity within the cementitious constructs. The subsequent development and testing of modern lime clast–containing cementitious mixtures demonstrate their self-healing potential, thus paving the way for the development of more durable, resilient, and sustainable concrete formulations. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9821858/ /pubmed/36608117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add1602 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Physical and Materials Sciences Seymour, Linda M. Maragh, Janille Sabatini, Paolo Di Tommaso, Michel Weaver, James C. Masic, Admir Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title | Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title_full | Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title_fullStr | Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title_full_unstemmed | Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title_short | Hot mixing: Mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient Roman concrete |
title_sort | hot mixing: mechanistic insights into the durability of ancient roman concrete |
topic | Physical and Materials Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9821858/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36608117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add1602 |
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