Composition-Related Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Electrocaloric Properties of Pb(5)Ge(3)O(11) Single Crystals Modified by Ba Ions

In this paper, we studied some ferroelectric properties of archetypal oxide uniaxial ferroelectric single crystals of Pb(5)Ge(3)O(11) modified by Ba ions. They include dielectric, DSC, ferroelectric polarization, and electrocaloric effect (ECE) measurements. The measurements show that increasing Ba doping considerably influences all the measured parameters, mainly by lowering the Curie temperature, gradually diffusing the phase transition, and decreasing values of polarization as well as the coercive field. The decrease in overall ECE is influenced by decreasing polarization. Compared with the pure PGO single crystals, this decrease is from 1.2 K to 0.2 K. However, the effect of diffusing the phase transition increases the range of its occurrence (up to 30 K), which might be beneficial in applications.