Cargando…

Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing

Lock-in thermal tests (LTTs) are one of the best ways to detect defects in composite materials. The parameter that most affects their performance is the cycle period of the stimulation wave. Its influence on the amplitude-phase results was determined by performing various numeric simulations and lab...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ramos Silva, António, Vaz, Mário, Leite, Sofia, Mendes, Joaquim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9824877/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36616930
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010325
_version_ 1784866518068101120
author Ramos Silva, António
Vaz, Mário
Leite, Sofia
Mendes, Joaquim
author_facet Ramos Silva, António
Vaz, Mário
Leite, Sofia
Mendes, Joaquim
author_sort Ramos Silva, António
collection PubMed
description Lock-in thermal tests (LTTs) are one of the best ways to detect defects in composite materials. The parameter that most affects their performance is the cycle period of the stimulation wave. Its influence on the amplitude-phase results was determined by performing various numeric simulations and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests were used to infer part of the simulation parameters, namely the input and output heat, corresponding to the stimulation and natural convection. The simulations and the analysis of their results focus on the heat flow inside the sample and the manner they change for different geometries. This was performed for poly(methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). The simulation of these materials was also used to create prediction surfaces and equations. These predict the amplitude and phase for a sample with a thickness l and a cycle period. These new findings were validated with new laboratory tests and two new samples. These validated the prediction surfaces and equations and can now be used as a reference for future works and industrial applications.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9824877
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98248772023-01-08 Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing Ramos Silva, António Vaz, Mário Leite, Sofia Mendes, Joaquim Sensors (Basel) Article Lock-in thermal tests (LTTs) are one of the best ways to detect defects in composite materials. The parameter that most affects their performance is the cycle period of the stimulation wave. Its influence on the amplitude-phase results was determined by performing various numeric simulations and laboratory tests. The laboratory tests were used to infer part of the simulation parameters, namely the input and output heat, corresponding to the stimulation and natural convection. The simulations and the analysis of their results focus on the heat flow inside the sample and the manner they change for different geometries. This was performed for poly(methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs). The simulation of these materials was also used to create prediction surfaces and equations. These predict the amplitude and phase for a sample with a thickness l and a cycle period. These new findings were validated with new laboratory tests and two new samples. These validated the prediction surfaces and equations and can now be used as a reference for future works and industrial applications. MDPI 2022-12-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9824877/ /pubmed/36616930 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010325 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ramos Silva, António
Vaz, Mário
Leite, Sofia
Mendes, Joaquim
Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title_full Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title_fullStr Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title_full_unstemmed Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title_short Lock-In Thermal Test Simulation, Influence, and Optimum Cycle Period for Infrared Thermal Testing in Non-Destructive Testing
title_sort lock-in thermal test simulation, influence, and optimum cycle period for infrared thermal testing in non-destructive testing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9824877/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36616930
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010325
work_keys_str_mv AT ramossilvaantonio lockinthermaltestsimulationinfluenceandoptimumcycleperiodforinfraredthermaltestinginnondestructivetesting
AT vazmario lockinthermaltestsimulationinfluenceandoptimumcycleperiodforinfraredthermaltestinginnondestructivetesting
AT leitesofia lockinthermaltestsimulationinfluenceandoptimumcycleperiodforinfraredthermaltestinginnondestructivetesting
AT mendesjoaquim lockinthermaltestsimulationinfluenceandoptimumcycleperiodforinfraredthermaltestinginnondestructivetesting