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Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities

BACKGROUND: Obesity levels are higher in rural versus urban children. Multi-level community-based interventions can be effective in promoting healthy child weight, but few of such interventions have focused on rural children. This formative study assessed barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to...

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Autores principales: Pope, Katherine Jochim, Whitcomb, Cason, Vu, Maihan, Harrison, Lisa Macon, Gittelsohn, Joel, Ward, Dianne, Erinosho, Temitope
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9825031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36611132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14770-w
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author Pope, Katherine Jochim
Whitcomb, Cason
Vu, Maihan
Harrison, Lisa Macon
Gittelsohn, Joel
Ward, Dianne
Erinosho, Temitope
author_facet Pope, Katherine Jochim
Whitcomb, Cason
Vu, Maihan
Harrison, Lisa Macon
Gittelsohn, Joel
Ward, Dianne
Erinosho, Temitope
author_sort Pope, Katherine Jochim
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obesity levels are higher in rural versus urban children. Multi-level community-based interventions can be effective in promoting healthy child weight, but few of such interventions have focused on rural children. This formative study assessed barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy child weight in two rural communities. METHODS: Multiple data collection methods were used concurrently in two rural communities in Indiana and North Carolina. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with participants, including parents of children aged 2–5 years (n = 41), childcare providers (n = 13), and stakeholders from 23 community organizations. Observational audits were conducted at 19 food outlets (grocery stores) and 50 publicly-accessible physical activity resources. Focus groups/interviews were analyzed thematically. Surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, and t-tests. RESULTS: Family level barriers included limited financial resources and competing priorities, whereas parental role-modeling was perceived as a facilitator of healthy weight behaviors. At the organizational level, childcare providers and community stakeholders cited limited funding and poor parental engagement in health promotion programs as barriers. Childcare providers explained that they were required to comply with strict nutrition and physical activity guidelines, but expressed concerns that similar messages were not reinforced at home. Facilitators at the organizational level included healthy meals provided at no cost at childcare programs, and health promotion programs offered through community organizations. At the community level, lack of public transportation, and limited access to healthy food outlets and physical activity-promoting resources posed barriers, whereas existing physical activity resources (e.g., parks) and some ongoing investment to improve physical activity resources in the community were assets. In designing/implementing a potential child obesity prevention intervention, participants discussed the need to garner community trust, emphasize wellness instead of obesity prevention, establish community partnerships, and leverage existing community resources. CONCLUSIONS: Rural areas experience multiple challenges that make it difficult for children/families to engage in healthy weight behaviors. This study highlights several assets (existing programs/resources, expertise within communities) that can be leveraged as facilitators. Findings will guide the study team in developing a child obesity prevention intervention for the two rural communities.
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spelling pubmed-98250312023-01-08 Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities Pope, Katherine Jochim Whitcomb, Cason Vu, Maihan Harrison, Lisa Macon Gittelsohn, Joel Ward, Dianne Erinosho, Temitope BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Obesity levels are higher in rural versus urban children. Multi-level community-based interventions can be effective in promoting healthy child weight, but few of such interventions have focused on rural children. This formative study assessed barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy child weight in two rural communities. METHODS: Multiple data collection methods were used concurrently in two rural communities in Indiana and North Carolina. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with participants, including parents of children aged 2–5 years (n = 41), childcare providers (n = 13), and stakeholders from 23 community organizations. Observational audits were conducted at 19 food outlets (grocery stores) and 50 publicly-accessible physical activity resources. Focus groups/interviews were analyzed thematically. Surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, and t-tests. RESULTS: Family level barriers included limited financial resources and competing priorities, whereas parental role-modeling was perceived as a facilitator of healthy weight behaviors. At the organizational level, childcare providers and community stakeholders cited limited funding and poor parental engagement in health promotion programs as barriers. Childcare providers explained that they were required to comply with strict nutrition and physical activity guidelines, but expressed concerns that similar messages were not reinforced at home. Facilitators at the organizational level included healthy meals provided at no cost at childcare programs, and health promotion programs offered through community organizations. At the community level, lack of public transportation, and limited access to healthy food outlets and physical activity-promoting resources posed barriers, whereas existing physical activity resources (e.g., parks) and some ongoing investment to improve physical activity resources in the community were assets. In designing/implementing a potential child obesity prevention intervention, participants discussed the need to garner community trust, emphasize wellness instead of obesity prevention, establish community partnerships, and leverage existing community resources. CONCLUSIONS: Rural areas experience multiple challenges that make it difficult for children/families to engage in healthy weight behaviors. This study highlights several assets (existing programs/resources, expertise within communities) that can be leveraged as facilitators. Findings will guide the study team in developing a child obesity prevention intervention for the two rural communities. BioMed Central 2023-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9825031/ /pubmed/36611132 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14770-w Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Pope, Katherine Jochim
Whitcomb, Cason
Vu, Maihan
Harrison, Lisa Macon
Gittelsohn, Joel
Ward, Dianne
Erinosho, Temitope
Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title_full Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title_fullStr Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title_full_unstemmed Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title_short Barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural U.S communities
title_sort barriers, facilitators, and opportunities to promote healthy weight behaviors among preschool-aged children in two rural u.s communities
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9825031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36611132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14770-w
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