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Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region

PREMISE: The Cactaceae of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States constitute a major component of the angiosperm biodiversity of the region. The Mammilloid clade, (Cactaceae, tribe Cacteae), composed of the genera Cochemiea, Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Mammillaria, and Pelecyphora is espe...

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Autores principales: Breslin, Peter B., Wojciechowski, Martin F., Majure, Lucas C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9826077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35979551
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16048
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author Breslin, Peter B.
Wojciechowski, Martin F.
Majure, Lucas C.
author_facet Breslin, Peter B.
Wojciechowski, Martin F.
Majure, Lucas C.
author_sort Breslin, Peter B.
collection PubMed
description PREMISE: The Cactaceae of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States constitute a major component of the angiosperm biodiversity of the region. The Mammilloid clade, (Cactaceae, tribe Cacteae), composed of the genera Cochemiea, Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Mammillaria, and Pelecyphora is especially species rich. We sought to understand the timing, geographical and climate influences correlated with expansion of the Mammilloid clade, through the Sonoran Desert into Baja California. METHODS: We reconstructed the historical biogeography of the Mammilloid clade, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods, based on a strongly supported molecular phylogeny. We also estimated divergence times, the timing of emergence of key characters, and diversification rates and rate shifts of the Mammilloid clade. RESULTS: We found that the most recent common ancestor of Cochemiea arrived in the Cape region of Baja California from the Sonoran Desert region approximately 5 million years ago, coinciding with the timing of peninsular rifting from the mainland, suggesting dispersal and vicariance as causes of species richness and endemism. The diversification rate for Cochemiea is estimated to be approximately 12 times that of the mean background diversification rate for angiosperms. Divergence time estimation shows that many of the extant taxa in Cochemiea and Baja California Mammillaria emerged from common ancestors 1 million to 200,000 years ago, having a mid‐Pleistocene origin. CONCLUSIONS: Cochemiea and Mammillaria of the Baja California region are examples of recent, rapid diversification. Geological and climatic forces at multiple spatial and temporal scales are correlated with the western distributions of the Mammilloid clade.
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spelling pubmed-98260772023-01-09 Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region Breslin, Peter B. Wojciechowski, Martin F. Majure, Lucas C. Am J Bot Research Articles PREMISE: The Cactaceae of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States constitute a major component of the angiosperm biodiversity of the region. The Mammilloid clade, (Cactaceae, tribe Cacteae), composed of the genera Cochemiea, Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Mammillaria, and Pelecyphora is especially species rich. We sought to understand the timing, geographical and climate influences correlated with expansion of the Mammilloid clade, through the Sonoran Desert into Baja California. METHODS: We reconstructed the historical biogeography of the Mammilloid clade, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods, based on a strongly supported molecular phylogeny. We also estimated divergence times, the timing of emergence of key characters, and diversification rates and rate shifts of the Mammilloid clade. RESULTS: We found that the most recent common ancestor of Cochemiea arrived in the Cape region of Baja California from the Sonoran Desert region approximately 5 million years ago, coinciding with the timing of peninsular rifting from the mainland, suggesting dispersal and vicariance as causes of species richness and endemism. The diversification rate for Cochemiea is estimated to be approximately 12 times that of the mean background diversification rate for angiosperms. Divergence time estimation shows that many of the extant taxa in Cochemiea and Baja California Mammillaria emerged from common ancestors 1 million to 200,000 years ago, having a mid‐Pleistocene origin. CONCLUSIONS: Cochemiea and Mammillaria of the Baja California region are examples of recent, rapid diversification. Geological and climatic forces at multiple spatial and temporal scales are correlated with the western distributions of the Mammilloid clade. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-09-04 2022-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9826077/ /pubmed/35979551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16048 Text en © 2022 The Authors. American Journal of Botany published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Botanical Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Breslin, Peter B.
Wojciechowski, Martin F.
Majure, Lucas C.
Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title_full Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title_fullStr Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title_full_unstemmed Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title_short Remarkably rapid, recent diversification of Cochemiea and Mammillaria in the Baja California, Mexico region
title_sort remarkably rapid, recent diversification of cochemiea and mammillaria in the baja california, mexico region
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9826077/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35979551
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.16048
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