Cargando…

Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed

With over a thousand of introduced species, the Mediterranean is the most heavily invaded marine region in the world. Yet, the spatio‐temporal dynamics of this bioinvasion has never been analysed. Examination of a comprehensive dataset of 4015 georeferenced observations, extracted from the scientifi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Azzurro, Ernesto, Smeraldo, Sonia, D'Amen, Manuela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9826093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36052733
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16362
_version_ 1784866770459295744
author Azzurro, Ernesto
Smeraldo, Sonia
D'Amen, Manuela
author_facet Azzurro, Ernesto
Smeraldo, Sonia
D'Amen, Manuela
author_sort Azzurro, Ernesto
collection PubMed
description With over a thousand of introduced species, the Mediterranean is the most heavily invaded marine region in the world. Yet, the spatio‐temporal dynamics of this bioinvasion has never been analysed. Examination of a comprehensive dataset of 4015 georeferenced observations, extracted from the scientific literature, allowed (i) reconstructing the invasion and the introduction and post‐introduction dynamics of exotic fish species, (ii) calculating introduction and spread rates, and (iii) investigating the time correlates since introduction. Our analysis encompasses 188 fish species that entered the Mediterranean from 1896 to 2020, including 25 Atlantic species that naturally expanded their range through the Strait of Gibraltar. Cumulative occurrences, reported in 264 distribution maps, documented the progressive expansion of the most represented species and the spatio‐temporal patterns associated with three introduction routes: the Suez Canal (CAN); other human‐mediated vectors (HM) and the Strait of Gibraltar (NRE). The arrival rate of the species introduced through all three routes increased steeply after 1990, without a sign of saturation. Data analysis highlighted some temporal and geographical patterns, such as the effect and eventual weakening of the biogeographical barriers represented by the Strait of Sicily and the North Aegean Sea and the asymmetrical distribution of occurrences along the northern and southern Mediterranean coasts. Finally, there was an exponential increase in the secondary spread rates of CAN and NRE immigrants, as the more recent introductions achieved the fastest geographical expansions. Our findings provide a detailed and spatially explicit summary of a massive invasion that has changed the history of the Mediterranean biota and represent a remarkable example of rapid biotic homogenization in the global ocean.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9826093
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-98260932023-01-09 Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed Azzurro, Ernesto Smeraldo, Sonia D'Amen, Manuela Glob Chang Biol Research Articles With over a thousand of introduced species, the Mediterranean is the most heavily invaded marine region in the world. Yet, the spatio‐temporal dynamics of this bioinvasion has never been analysed. Examination of a comprehensive dataset of 4015 georeferenced observations, extracted from the scientific literature, allowed (i) reconstructing the invasion and the introduction and post‐introduction dynamics of exotic fish species, (ii) calculating introduction and spread rates, and (iii) investigating the time correlates since introduction. Our analysis encompasses 188 fish species that entered the Mediterranean from 1896 to 2020, including 25 Atlantic species that naturally expanded their range through the Strait of Gibraltar. Cumulative occurrences, reported in 264 distribution maps, documented the progressive expansion of the most represented species and the spatio‐temporal patterns associated with three introduction routes: the Suez Canal (CAN); other human‐mediated vectors (HM) and the Strait of Gibraltar (NRE). The arrival rate of the species introduced through all three routes increased steeply after 1990, without a sign of saturation. Data analysis highlighted some temporal and geographical patterns, such as the effect and eventual weakening of the biogeographical barriers represented by the Strait of Sicily and the North Aegean Sea and the asymmetrical distribution of occurrences along the northern and southern Mediterranean coasts. Finally, there was an exponential increase in the secondary spread rates of CAN and NRE immigrants, as the more recent introductions achieved the fastest geographical expansions. Our findings provide a detailed and spatially explicit summary of a massive invasion that has changed the history of the Mediterranean biota and represent a remarkable example of rapid biotic homogenization in the global ocean. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-09-02 2022-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9826093/ /pubmed/36052733 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16362 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Azzurro, Ernesto
Smeraldo, Sonia
D'Amen, Manuela
Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title_full Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title_fullStr Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title_full_unstemmed Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title_short Spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the Mediterranean Sea: Over a century of invasion reconstructed
title_sort spatio‐temporal dynamics of exotic fish species in the mediterranean sea: over a century of invasion reconstructed
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9826093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36052733
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16362
work_keys_str_mv AT azzurroernesto spatiotemporaldynamicsofexoticfishspeciesinthemediterraneanseaoveracenturyofinvasionreconstructed
AT smeraldosonia spatiotemporaldynamicsofexoticfishspeciesinthemediterraneanseaoveracenturyofinvasionreconstructed
AT damenmanuela spatiotemporaldynamicsofexoticfishspeciesinthemediterraneanseaoveracenturyofinvasionreconstructed