Giant Cell Tumor of the Second Metatarsal Managed with Ray Amputation: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature

INTRODUCTION: The giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), also known as an osteoclastoma or a myeloid sarcoma, is a benign local aggressive osteolytic bone tumor that primarily affects skeletally mature young adults typically 20–40 years of age. Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are usually solitary tumors and very rarely are found in the metatarsal bones. The characteristic histological appearance of GCT displays a high number of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells, which resulted in the classification “osteoclastoma” or “giant cell tumor.” CASE REPORT: A 38-year-old male presented to the hospital with a firm swelling over the 2nd metatarsal slowly progressing over a period of 4 months, initial screening radiological investigations included X-rays, X-rays showed a tumorous growth involving the shaft of the 2nd metatarsal of the right foot, and the X-rays showed a characteristic soap bubble appearance. Magnetic resonance imaging. On gross assessment, the intraoperative sample showed that the GCTB has a dark brown-to-reddish appearance that is friable in texture. The gold standard for diagnosing a GCT is based on biopsy histopathological findings. The key histomorphologic feature is multinucleated giant cells. CONCLUSION: Giant cell tumors are frequently locally aggressive with high recurrence percentage, hence, excision was done. Nowadays, early radiological screening techniques help early detection of such rare occurrence of tumors such as the GCT and appropriate management. In conclusion, the giant cell tumor of the bone is a unique presentation of stromal cell and hematopoietic interaction in the bone.