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Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal imp...

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Autores principales: Myatich, Ali, Haque, Azizul, Sole, Christopher, Banik, Naren L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9827778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36254972
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.355749
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author Myatich, Ali
Haque, Azizul
Sole, Christopher
Banik, Naren L.
author_facet Myatich, Ali
Haque, Azizul
Sole, Christopher
Banik, Naren L.
author_sort Myatich, Ali
collection PubMed
description Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury.
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spelling pubmed-98277782023-01-10 Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury Myatich, Ali Haque, Azizul Sole, Christopher Banik, Naren L. Neural Regen Res Review Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9827778/ /pubmed/36254972 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.355749 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review
Myatich, Ali
Haque, Azizul
Sole, Christopher
Banik, Naren L.
Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title_full Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title_fullStr Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title_full_unstemmed Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title_short Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
title_sort clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9827778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36254972
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.355749
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