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Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia

Early treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections can prevent hospitalisation and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who have one or more risk factors for serious COVID‐19 progression. While early treatment presents a range of logistic...

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Autores principales: Polkinghorne, Adam, Branley, James M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9828711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36273391
http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51750
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author Polkinghorne, Adam
Branley, James M
author_facet Polkinghorne, Adam
Branley, James M
author_sort Polkinghorne, Adam
collection PubMed
description Early treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections can prevent hospitalisation and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who have one or more risk factors for serious COVID‐19 progression. While early treatment presents a range of logistical challenges, clinicians are nevertheless aided by a growing number of approved medications for early treatment of COVID‐19. Medications include drugs that inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 viral replication, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 monoclonal antibody formulations that provide passive immunisation, and immunomodulatory drugs that suppress the body’s inflammatory response. Several drugs with different modes of action are approved in Australia for early treatment of COVID‐19, including nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir, molnupiravir, and monoclonal antibody formulations. Although these drugs are recommended, clinicians are encouraged to remain up to date on current indications, contraindications and the clinical efficacy of these drugs against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants currently circulating in communities. Other treatments, including hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and dietary supplements, have been popularised but are not recommended for early treatment of COVID‐19. As new drugs and new data on use of existing approved drugs become available, clinicians face a growing challenge in determining the optimal treatments from the array of options. As it stands, early treatment of COVID‐19 needs to be individualised depending on age, pregnancy status, existing medications, and renal and liver disease status. Future treatments in development might have roles in patients with lower risk profiles and in reducing transmission as we learn to live with SARS‐CoV‐2.
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spelling pubmed-98287112023-01-10 Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia Polkinghorne, Adam Branley, James M Med J Aust Narrative Review Early treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections can prevent hospitalisation and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who have one or more risk factors for serious COVID‐19 progression. While early treatment presents a range of logistical challenges, clinicians are nevertheless aided by a growing number of approved medications for early treatment of COVID‐19. Medications include drugs that inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 viral replication, anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 monoclonal antibody formulations that provide passive immunisation, and immunomodulatory drugs that suppress the body’s inflammatory response. Several drugs with different modes of action are approved in Australia for early treatment of COVID‐19, including nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir, molnupiravir, and monoclonal antibody formulations. Although these drugs are recommended, clinicians are encouraged to remain up to date on current indications, contraindications and the clinical efficacy of these drugs against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants currently circulating in communities. Other treatments, including hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and dietary supplements, have been popularised but are not recommended for early treatment of COVID‐19. As new drugs and new data on use of existing approved drugs become available, clinicians face a growing challenge in determining the optimal treatments from the array of options. As it stands, early treatment of COVID‐19 needs to be individualised depending on age, pregnancy status, existing medications, and renal and liver disease status. Future treatments in development might have roles in patients with lower risk profiles and in reducing transmission as we learn to live with SARS‐CoV‐2. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-10-23 2022-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9828711/ /pubmed/36273391 http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51750 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Medical Journal of Australia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of AMPCo Pty Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Narrative Review
Polkinghorne, Adam
Branley, James M
Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title_full Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title_fullStr Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title_full_unstemmed Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title_short Medications for early treatment of COVID‐19 in Australia
title_sort medications for early treatment of covid‐19 in australia
topic Narrative Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9828711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36273391
http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51750
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