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Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a doubl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Ivyspring International Publisher
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9830447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36632214 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417 |
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author | Wang, Li Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yining Li, Wei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Qiang |
author_facet | Wang, Li Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yining Li, Wei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Qiang |
author_sort | Wang, Li |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a double network of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and alginate-Ca(2+). Results: Cellulose nanofibers formed the first rigid network via hydrogen binding and templated the deposition of calcium phosphate, while alginate-Ca(2+) formed the second energy-dissipating network via ionic interaction. The two networks created a brick-mortar-like structure, in which the “tortuous fracture path” mechanism by breaking the interlaced calcium phosphate-coated bacterial cellulose nanofibers and the hysteresis by unzipping the ionic alginate-Ca(2+) network made a great contribution to the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Conclusion: The optimized hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh fracture stress of 48 MPa, Young's modulus of 1329 MPa, and fracture energy of 3013 J/m(2), which are barely possessed by the reported synthetic hydrogels. Finally, the hydrogel represented potential use in subchondral bone defect repair in an ex vivo model. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9830447 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Ivyspring International Publisher |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98304472023-01-10 Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness Wang, Li Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yining Li, Wei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Qiang Theranostics Research Paper Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a double network of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and alginate-Ca(2+). Results: Cellulose nanofibers formed the first rigid network via hydrogen binding and templated the deposition of calcium phosphate, while alginate-Ca(2+) formed the second energy-dissipating network via ionic interaction. The two networks created a brick-mortar-like structure, in which the “tortuous fracture path” mechanism by breaking the interlaced calcium phosphate-coated bacterial cellulose nanofibers and the hysteresis by unzipping the ionic alginate-Ca(2+) network made a great contribution to the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Conclusion: The optimized hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh fracture stress of 48 MPa, Young's modulus of 1329 MPa, and fracture energy of 3013 J/m(2), which are barely possessed by the reported synthetic hydrogels. Finally, the hydrogel represented potential use in subchondral bone defect repair in an ex vivo model. Ivyspring International Publisher 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9830447/ /pubmed/36632214 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417 Text en © The author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions. |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Wang, Li Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yining Li, Wei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Qiang Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title | Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title_full | Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title_fullStr | Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title_full_unstemmed | Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title_short | Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
title_sort | enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9830447/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36632214 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417 |
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