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Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness

Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a doubl...

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Autores principales: Wang, Li, Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Yining, Li, Wei, Wang, Guodong, Zhang, Qiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Ivyspring International Publisher 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9830447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36632214
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417
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author Wang, Li
Zhao, Wei
Zhao, Yining
Li, Wei
Wang, Guodong
Zhang, Qiang
author_facet Wang, Li
Zhao, Wei
Zhao, Yining
Li, Wei
Wang, Guodong
Zhang, Qiang
author_sort Wang, Li
collection PubMed
description Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a double network of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and alginate-Ca(2+). Results: Cellulose nanofibers formed the first rigid network via hydrogen binding and templated the deposition of calcium phosphate, while alginate-Ca(2+) formed the second energy-dissipating network via ionic interaction. The two networks created a brick-mortar-like structure, in which the “tortuous fracture path” mechanism by breaking the interlaced calcium phosphate-coated bacterial cellulose nanofibers and the hysteresis by unzipping the ionic alginate-Ca(2+) network made a great contribution to the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Conclusion: The optimized hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh fracture stress of 48 MPa, Young's modulus of 1329 MPa, and fracture energy of 3013 J/m(2), which are barely possessed by the reported synthetic hydrogels. Finally, the hydrogel represented potential use in subchondral bone defect repair in an ex vivo model.
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spelling pubmed-98304472023-01-10 Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness Wang, Li Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yining Li, Wei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Qiang Theranostics Research Paper Background: Synthetic hydrogels are commonly mechanically weak which limits the scope of their applications. Methods: In this study, we synthesized an organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogel with ultrahigh strength, stiffness, and toughness via enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium phosphate in a double network of bacterial cellulose nanofibers and alginate-Ca(2+). Results: Cellulose nanofibers formed the first rigid network via hydrogen binding and templated the deposition of calcium phosphate, while alginate-Ca(2+) formed the second energy-dissipating network via ionic interaction. The two networks created a brick-mortar-like structure, in which the “tortuous fracture path” mechanism by breaking the interlaced calcium phosphate-coated bacterial cellulose nanofibers and the hysteresis by unzipping the ionic alginate-Ca(2+) network made a great contribution to the mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Conclusion: The optimized hydrogel exhibited ultrahigh fracture stress of 48 MPa, Young's modulus of 1329 MPa, and fracture energy of 3013 J/m(2), which are barely possessed by the reported synthetic hydrogels. Finally, the hydrogel represented potential use in subchondral bone defect repair in an ex vivo model. Ivyspring International Publisher 2023-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9830447/ /pubmed/36632214 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417 Text en © The author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Wang, Li
Zhao, Wei
Zhao, Yining
Li, Wei
Wang, Guodong
Zhang, Qiang
Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title_full Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title_fullStr Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title_full_unstemmed Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title_short Enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
title_sort enzymatically-mineralized double-network hydrogels with ultrahigh mechanical strength, toughness, and stiffness
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9830447/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36632214
http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.77417
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