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Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere

Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial–temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two maj...

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Autores principales: Hoffecker, John F., Elias, Scott A., Scott, G. Richard, O'Rourke, Dennis H., Hlusko, Leslea J., Potapova, Olga, Pitulko, Vladimir, Pavlova, Elena, Bourgeon, Lauriane, Vachula, Richard S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9832545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36629115
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2246
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author Hoffecker, John F.
Elias, Scott A.
Scott, G. Richard
O'Rourke, Dennis H.
Hlusko, Leslea J.
Potapova, Olga
Pitulko, Vladimir
Pavlova, Elena
Bourgeon, Lauriane
Vachula, Richard S.
author_facet Hoffecker, John F.
Elias, Scott A.
Scott, G. Richard
O'Rourke, Dennis H.
Hlusko, Leslea J.
Potapova, Olga
Pitulko, Vladimir
Pavlova, Elena
Bourgeon, Lauriane
Vachula, Richard S.
author_sort Hoffecker, John F.
collection PubMed
description Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial–temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two major areas of exposed continental shelf. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (‘Great Arctic Plain’ (GAP)) supported a dry steppe-tundra biome inhabited by a diverse large-mammal community, while the southern Bering-Chukchi Platform (‘Bering Land Bridge’ (BLB)) supported mesic tundra and probably a lower large-mammal biomass. A human population with west Eurasian roots occupied the GAP before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and may have accessed mid-latitude North America via an interior ice-free corridor. Re-opening of the corridor less than 14 000 years ago indicates that the primary ancestors of living First Peoples, who already had spread widely in the Americas at this time, probably dispersed from the NW Pacific coast. A genetic ‘arctic signal’ in non-arctic First Peoples suggests that their parent population inhabited the GAP during the LGM, before their split from the former. We infer a shift from GAP terrestrial to a subarctic maritime economy on the southern BLB coast before dispersal in the Americas from the NW Pacific coast.
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spelling pubmed-98325452023-01-14 Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere Hoffecker, John F. Elias, Scott A. Scott, G. Richard O'Rourke, Dennis H. Hlusko, Leslea J. Potapova, Olga Pitulko, Vladimir Pavlova, Elena Bourgeon, Lauriane Vachula, Richard S. Proc Biol Sci Review Articles Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial–temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two major areas of exposed continental shelf. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (‘Great Arctic Plain’ (GAP)) supported a dry steppe-tundra biome inhabited by a diverse large-mammal community, while the southern Bering-Chukchi Platform (‘Bering Land Bridge’ (BLB)) supported mesic tundra and probably a lower large-mammal biomass. A human population with west Eurasian roots occupied the GAP before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and may have accessed mid-latitude North America via an interior ice-free corridor. Re-opening of the corridor less than 14 000 years ago indicates that the primary ancestors of living First Peoples, who already had spread widely in the Americas at this time, probably dispersed from the NW Pacific coast. A genetic ‘arctic signal’ in non-arctic First Peoples suggests that their parent population inhabited the GAP during the LGM, before their split from the former. We infer a shift from GAP terrestrial to a subarctic maritime economy on the southern BLB coast before dispersal in the Americas from the NW Pacific coast. The Royal Society 2023-01-11 2023-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9832545/ /pubmed/36629115 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2246 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Hoffecker, John F.
Elias, Scott A.
Scott, G. Richard
O'Rourke, Dennis H.
Hlusko, Leslea J.
Potapova, Olga
Pitulko, Vladimir
Pavlova, Elena
Bourgeon, Lauriane
Vachula, Richard S.
Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title_full Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title_fullStr Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title_full_unstemmed Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title_short Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere
title_sort beringia and the peopling of the western hemisphere
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9832545/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36629115
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.2246
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