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Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier

A healthy gastrointestinal tract functions as a highly selective barrier, allowing the absorption of nutrients and metabolites while preventing gut bacteria and other xenobiotic compounds from entering host circulation and tissues. The intestinal epithelium and intestinal mucus provide a physical fi...

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Autores principales: Mezhibovsky, Esther, Wu, Yue, Bawagan, Fiona G., Tveter, Kevin M., Szeto, Samantha, Roopchand, Diana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AIMS Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9834079/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36694591
http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2022035
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author Mezhibovsky, Esther
Wu, Yue
Bawagan, Fiona G.
Tveter, Kevin M.
Szeto, Samantha
Roopchand, Diana
author_facet Mezhibovsky, Esther
Wu, Yue
Bawagan, Fiona G.
Tveter, Kevin M.
Szeto, Samantha
Roopchand, Diana
author_sort Mezhibovsky, Esther
collection PubMed
description A healthy gastrointestinal tract functions as a highly selective barrier, allowing the absorption of nutrients and metabolites while preventing gut bacteria and other xenobiotic compounds from entering host circulation and tissues. The intestinal epithelium and intestinal mucus provide a physical first line of defense against resident microbes, pathogens and xenotoxic compounds. Prior studies have indicated that the gut microbe Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-metabolizer, can stimulate intestinal mucin thickness to improve gut barrier integrity. Grape polyphenol (GP) extracts rich in B-type proanthocyanidin (PAC) compounds have been found to increase the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, suggesting that PACs alter the gut microbiota to support a healthy gut barrier. To further investigate the effect of GPs on the gut barrier and A. muciniphila, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) with or without 1% GPs (HFD-GP, LFD-GP) for 12 weeks. Compared to the mice fed unsupplemented diets, GP-supplemented mice showed increased relative abundance of fecal and cecal A. muciniphila, a reduction in total bacteria, a diminished colon mucus layer and increased fecal mucus content. GP supplementation also reduced the presence of goblet cells regardless of dietary fat. Compared to the HFD group, ileal gene expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (Lbp), an acute-phase protein that promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, was reduced in the HFD-GP group, suggesting reduced LPS in circulation. Despite depletion of the colonic mucus layer, markers of inflammation (Ifng, Il1b, Tnfa, and Nos2) were similar among the four groups, with the exception that ileal Il6 mRNA levels were lower in the LFD-GP group compared to the LFD group. Our findings suggest that the GP-induced increase in A. muciniphila promotes redistribution of the intestinal mucus layer to the intestinal lumen, and that the GP-induced decrease in total bacteria results in a less inflammatory intestinal milieu.
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spelling pubmed-98340792023-01-23 Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier Mezhibovsky, Esther Wu, Yue Bawagan, Fiona G. Tveter, Kevin M. Szeto, Samantha Roopchand, Diana AIMS Microbiol Research Article A healthy gastrointestinal tract functions as a highly selective barrier, allowing the absorption of nutrients and metabolites while preventing gut bacteria and other xenobiotic compounds from entering host circulation and tissues. The intestinal epithelium and intestinal mucus provide a physical first line of defense against resident microbes, pathogens and xenotoxic compounds. Prior studies have indicated that the gut microbe Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-metabolizer, can stimulate intestinal mucin thickness to improve gut barrier integrity. Grape polyphenol (GP) extracts rich in B-type proanthocyanidin (PAC) compounds have been found to increase the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, suggesting that PACs alter the gut microbiota to support a healthy gut barrier. To further investigate the effect of GPs on the gut barrier and A. muciniphila, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) with or without 1% GPs (HFD-GP, LFD-GP) for 12 weeks. Compared to the mice fed unsupplemented diets, GP-supplemented mice showed increased relative abundance of fecal and cecal A. muciniphila, a reduction in total bacteria, a diminished colon mucus layer and increased fecal mucus content. GP supplementation also reduced the presence of goblet cells regardless of dietary fat. Compared to the HFD group, ileal gene expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (Lbp), an acute-phase protein that promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, was reduced in the HFD-GP group, suggesting reduced LPS in circulation. Despite depletion of the colonic mucus layer, markers of inflammation (Ifng, Il1b, Tnfa, and Nos2) were similar among the four groups, with the exception that ileal Il6 mRNA levels were lower in the LFD-GP group compared to the LFD group. Our findings suggest that the GP-induced increase in A. muciniphila promotes redistribution of the intestinal mucus layer to the intestinal lumen, and that the GP-induced decrease in total bacteria results in a less inflammatory intestinal milieu. AIMS Press 2022-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9834079/ /pubmed/36694591 http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2022035 Text en © 2022 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Research Article
Mezhibovsky, Esther
Wu, Yue
Bawagan, Fiona G.
Tveter, Kevin M.
Szeto, Samantha
Roopchand, Diana
Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title_full Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title_fullStr Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title_full_unstemmed Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title_short Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
title_sort impact of grape polyphenols on akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9834079/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36694591
http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2022035
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