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A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak
Monkeypox (MPVX) infection has been associated with multiorgan presentations. Thus, monkeypox infection’s early and late complications are of particular concern, prompting health systems to decipher threatening sequels and their possible countermeasures. The current article will review the clinical...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Healthcare
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9834445/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36512187 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-022-00626-4 |
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author | Rayati Damavandi, Amirmasoud Semnani, Farbod Hassanpour, Kiana |
author_facet | Rayati Damavandi, Amirmasoud Semnani, Farbod Hassanpour, Kiana |
author_sort | Rayati Damavandi, Amirmasoud |
collection | PubMed |
description | Monkeypox (MPVX) infection has been associated with multiorgan presentations. Thus, monkeypox infection’s early and late complications are of particular concern, prompting health systems to decipher threatening sequels and their possible countermeasures. The current article will review the clinical signs and symptoms of the present and former outbreaks, differential diagnoses, workup and treatment of the ocular manifestations of MPXV infection in detail. One of the uncommon yet considerable MPXV complications is ocular involvement. These injuries are classified as (1) more frequent and benign lesions and (2) less common and vision-threatening sequels. Conjunctivitis, blepharitis and photophobia are the most uncomplicated reported presentations. Moreover, MPXV can manifest as eye redness, frontal headache, orbital and peri-ocular rashes, lacrimation and ocular discharge, subconjunctival nodules and, less frequently, as keratitis, corneal ulceration, opacification, perforation and blindness. The ocular manifestations have been less frequent and arguably less severe within the current outbreak. Despite the possibility of underestimation, the emerging evidence from observational investigations documented rates of around 1% for ocular involvement in the current outbreak compared to a 9–23% incidence in previous outbreaks in the endemic countries. The history of smallpox immunization is a protective factor against these complications. Despite a lack of definite and established treatment, simple therapies like regular lubrication and prophylactic use of topical antibiotics may be considered for MPXV ocular complications. Timely administration of specific antivirals may also be effective in severe cases. Monkeypox usually has mild to moderate severity and a self-limited course. However, timely recognition and proper management of the disease could reduce the risk of permanent ocular sequelae and disease morbidity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9834445 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Healthcare |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-98344452023-01-13 A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak Rayati Damavandi, Amirmasoud Semnani, Farbod Hassanpour, Kiana Ophthalmol Ther Review Monkeypox (MPVX) infection has been associated with multiorgan presentations. Thus, monkeypox infection’s early and late complications are of particular concern, prompting health systems to decipher threatening sequels and their possible countermeasures. The current article will review the clinical signs and symptoms of the present and former outbreaks, differential diagnoses, workup and treatment of the ocular manifestations of MPXV infection in detail. One of the uncommon yet considerable MPXV complications is ocular involvement. These injuries are classified as (1) more frequent and benign lesions and (2) less common and vision-threatening sequels. Conjunctivitis, blepharitis and photophobia are the most uncomplicated reported presentations. Moreover, MPXV can manifest as eye redness, frontal headache, orbital and peri-ocular rashes, lacrimation and ocular discharge, subconjunctival nodules and, less frequently, as keratitis, corneal ulceration, opacification, perforation and blindness. The ocular manifestations have been less frequent and arguably less severe within the current outbreak. Despite the possibility of underestimation, the emerging evidence from observational investigations documented rates of around 1% for ocular involvement in the current outbreak compared to a 9–23% incidence in previous outbreaks in the endemic countries. The history of smallpox immunization is a protective factor against these complications. Despite a lack of definite and established treatment, simple therapies like regular lubrication and prophylactic use of topical antibiotics may be considered for MPXV ocular complications. Timely administration of specific antivirals may also be effective in severe cases. Monkeypox usually has mild to moderate severity and a self-limited course. However, timely recognition and proper management of the disease could reduce the risk of permanent ocular sequelae and disease morbidity. Springer Healthcare 2022-12-13 2023-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9834445/ /pubmed/36512187 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-022-00626-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Review Rayati Damavandi, Amirmasoud Semnani, Farbod Hassanpour, Kiana A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title | A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title_full | A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title_fullStr | A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title_short | A Review of Monkeypox Ocular Manifestations and Complications: Insights for the 2022 Outbreak |
title_sort | review of monkeypox ocular manifestations and complications: insights for the 2022 outbreak |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9834445/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36512187 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-022-00626-4 |
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