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Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options

The contribution of the microbiota to induce gastrointestinal inflammation is hypothesized to be a key component of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) aggregation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the pathological progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The function of the GI tract is governed by a sys...

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Autores principales: Chan, Dennis G., Ventura, Katelyn, Villeneuve, Ally, Du Bois, Paul, Holahan, Matthew R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: IOS Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9837702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36278360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-223461
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author Chan, Dennis G.
Ventura, Katelyn
Villeneuve, Ally
Du Bois, Paul
Holahan, Matthew R.
author_facet Chan, Dennis G.
Ventura, Katelyn
Villeneuve, Ally
Du Bois, Paul
Holahan, Matthew R.
author_sort Chan, Dennis G.
collection PubMed
description The contribution of the microbiota to induce gastrointestinal inflammation is hypothesized to be a key component of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) aggregation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the pathological progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The function of the GI tract is governed by a system of neurons that form part of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS hosts  100–500 million nerve cells within two thin layers lining the GI tract. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is the major communication pathway between the ENS and the central nervous system. It has become increasingly clear that the microbiota in the gut are key regulators of GBA function and help to maintain homeostasis in the immune and endocrine systems. The GBA may act as a possible etiological launching pad for the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD, because of an imbalance in the gut microbiota. PD is a multi-faceted illness with multiple biological, immunological, and environmental factors contributing to its pathological progression. Interestingly, individuals with PD have an altered gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals. However, there is a lack of literature describing the relationship between microbiota composition in the gut and symptom progression in PD patients. This review article examines how the pathology and symptomology of PD may originate from dysregulated signaling in the ENS. We then discuss by targeting the imbalance within the gut microbiota such as prebiotics and probiotics, some of the prodromal symptoms might be alleviated, possibly curtailing the pathological spread of aSyn and ensuing debilitating motor symptoms.
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spelling pubmed-98377022023-01-30 Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options Chan, Dennis G. Ventura, Katelyn Villeneuve, Ally Du Bois, Paul Holahan, Matthew R. J Parkinsons Dis Review The contribution of the microbiota to induce gastrointestinal inflammation is hypothesized to be a key component of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) aggregation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the pathological progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The function of the GI tract is governed by a system of neurons that form part of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The ENS hosts  100–500 million nerve cells within two thin layers lining the GI tract. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is the major communication pathway between the ENS and the central nervous system. It has become increasingly clear that the microbiota in the gut are key regulators of GBA function and help to maintain homeostasis in the immune and endocrine systems. The GBA may act as a possible etiological launching pad for the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD, because of an imbalance in the gut microbiota. PD is a multi-faceted illness with multiple biological, immunological, and environmental factors contributing to its pathological progression. Interestingly, individuals with PD have an altered gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals. However, there is a lack of literature describing the relationship between microbiota composition in the gut and symptom progression in PD patients. This review article examines how the pathology and symptomology of PD may originate from dysregulated signaling in the ENS. We then discuss by targeting the imbalance within the gut microbiota such as prebiotics and probiotics, some of the prodromal symptoms might be alleviated, possibly curtailing the pathological spread of aSyn and ensuing debilitating motor symptoms. IOS Press 2022-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9837702/ /pubmed/36278360 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-223461 Text en © 2022 – The authors. Published by IOS Press https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Chan, Dennis G.
Ventura, Katelyn
Villeneuve, Ally
Du Bois, Paul
Holahan, Matthew R.
Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title_full Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title_fullStr Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title_short Exploring the Connection Between the Gut Microbiome and Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Progression and Pathology: Implications for Supplementary Treatment Options
title_sort exploring the connection between the gut microbiome and parkinson’s disease symptom progression and pathology: implications for supplementary treatment options
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9837702/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36278360
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JPD-223461
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