Proteomic study on the lymphocytes from pregnant Wistar rat females treated with immunosuppressive regimen

Kidney transplantation remains the therapeutic option for patients with end‐stage kidney disease. Current immunosuppressive regimens are efficient in combating acute kidney rejection. However, insights into chronic kidney allograft injury remains limited. Simultaneously, pregnancy is more common after kidney transplantation than during dialysis treatment. Due to ethical issues, comprehensive studies on the impact of immunosuppressive regimens on pregnancy are challenging. The study aimed to investigate the proteomic status of lymphocytes obtained from pregnant female rats under immunosuppressive treatment. The experiment involved a group of 10 female, pregnant Wistar rats, five of which were treated with tacrolimus, mofetil mycophenolate, and glucocorticosteroids; five were used as control. The lymphocytes were obtained and analyzed with mass spectrometry. Measurements were processed by a database search in the ProteinPilot software with a cutoff of 1% false discovery rate. The outcomes were verified statistically by a t‐test (p value < 0.05) regarding proteins up‐ and downregulation. A total of 2082 proteins were identified in all experiments. Eight hundred five proteins were quantified in an absolute manner in a data‐independent acquisition‐total protein approach analysis. Ninety‐five proteins were recognized as present at different concentrations in analyzed groups and were annotated to intracellular pathways. The proteins involved in nonsense‐mediated decay and L13a‐mediated translational silencing of ceruloplasmin expression were recognized as downregulated. The set of proteins clinically identified as acute phase proteins was upregulated. Despite the blockade of adaptive cellular immunity, the lymphocytes in the analyzed group reveal sustained proinflammatory status with decreased ability to regulate translation. This potentially affects pregnancy and immunity.