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Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world’s regions. The researchers’ goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region’s Sulaimaniyah governorate. METHODS: Genoty...

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Autores principales: Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman, Rashid, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta, Hussain, Ali Hattem, Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman, Ezzaddin, Shahow Abdulrehman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9841906/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36655038
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14454
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author Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman
Rashid, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta
Hussain, Ali Hattem
Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman
Ezzaddin, Shahow Abdulrehman
author_facet Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman
Rashid, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta
Hussain, Ali Hattem
Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman
Ezzaddin, Shahow Abdulrehman
author_sort Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world’s regions. The researchers’ goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region’s Sulaimaniyah governorate. METHODS: Genotyping was carried out utilizing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) type-specified primers. Thirty-three chronic HBV patients were included in the HBV genotyping assay. Phylogenic trees of Pre-S1/Pre S2/S genes’ nucleotide sequences were constructed using 36 HBV isolates. RESULTS: All the patients had HBV genotype D. Additionally, two samples were further analyzed by sequencing and deposited in GenBank as HBV/Sul-1/2021 accession numbers MZ077051 and HBV/Sul-2/2021 accession numbers MZ077052. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the HBV isolates belong to sub-genotype D1/serotype ayw2. The HBV/Sul-2/2021 had two sequence deletion mutations from G61del-T87del, which accounted for 27 amino acid deletions, and ten other mutations were identified in the carboxylic terminus of the pre-S1 from Q104del-R113del. Accordingly, 37 amino acids were deleted in the S promoter region. Several other substitution mutations were recorded in both HBV isolates. CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic HBV were found to have the HBV sub-genotype D1/subtype ayw2 with no mixed genotypes. HBV/Sul-1/2022, a new strain with a 37-amino acid mutation, was found to be distinct from any previously known HBV isolates.
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spelling pubmed-98419062023-01-17 Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman Rashid, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta Hussain, Ali Hattem Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman Ezzaddin, Shahow Abdulrehman PeerJ Molecular Biology BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world’s regions. The researchers’ goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region’s Sulaimaniyah governorate. METHODS: Genotyping was carried out utilizing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) type-specified primers. Thirty-three chronic HBV patients were included in the HBV genotyping assay. Phylogenic trees of Pre-S1/Pre S2/S genes’ nucleotide sequences were constructed using 36 HBV isolates. RESULTS: All the patients had HBV genotype D. Additionally, two samples were further analyzed by sequencing and deposited in GenBank as HBV/Sul-1/2021 accession numbers MZ077051 and HBV/Sul-2/2021 accession numbers MZ077052. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the HBV isolates belong to sub-genotype D1/serotype ayw2. The HBV/Sul-2/2021 had two sequence deletion mutations from G61del-T87del, which accounted for 27 amino acid deletions, and ten other mutations were identified in the carboxylic terminus of the pre-S1 from Q104del-R113del. Accordingly, 37 amino acids were deleted in the S promoter region. Several other substitution mutations were recorded in both HBV isolates. CONCLUSION: Patients with chronic HBV were found to have the HBV sub-genotype D1/subtype ayw2 with no mixed genotypes. HBV/Sul-1/2022, a new strain with a 37-amino acid mutation, was found to be distinct from any previously known HBV isolates. PeerJ Inc. 2023-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9841906/ /pubmed/36655038 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14454 Text en ©2023 Abdulqadir et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Molecular Biology
Abdulqadir, Mardin Othman
Rashid, Peshnyar Muhammad Atta
Hussain, Ali Hattem
Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman
Ezzaddin, Shahow Abdulrehman
Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title_full Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title_fullStr Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title_full_unstemmed Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title_short Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq
title_sort genetic characterization of hepatitis b virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in sulaimaniyah city, iraq
topic Molecular Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9841906/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36655038
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14454
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