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Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment

Considering the need to intercept neurocognitive damage as soon as possible, it would be useful to extend cognitive test screening throughout the population. Here, we propose differential cut-off levels that can be used to identify mild and severe cognitive impairment with a simple and widely used f...

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Autores principales: Salis, Francesco, Costaggiu, Diego, Mandas, Antonella
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9844353/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36648917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics8010012
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author Salis, Francesco
Costaggiu, Diego
Mandas, Antonella
author_facet Salis, Francesco
Costaggiu, Diego
Mandas, Antonella
author_sort Salis, Francesco
collection PubMed
description Considering the need to intercept neurocognitive damage as soon as possible, it would be useful to extend cognitive test screening throughout the population. Here, we propose differential cut-off levels that can be used to identify mild and severe cognitive impairment with a simple and widely used first-level neurocognitive screening test: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We studied a population of 262 patients referred for cognitive impairment testing using the MMSE and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), a neuropsychological battery. The sample consisted of 262 participants with mean age 73.8 years (60–87), of whom 154 (58.8%) women. No significant gender-related differences in cognitive ability were identified. The two tests (MMSE and RBANS) showed a moderate correlation in identifying cognitive deficit. We used RBANS as a categorial variable to identify different degrees of cognitive impairment. Youden’s J indexes were used to consider the better sensitivity/specificity balance in the 24-point cut-off score for severe cognitive deficit, 29.7-point score for mild cognitive deficit, and 26.1-point score for both mild and severe cognitive deficit. The study shows that the MMSE does not identify early cognitive impairment. Though different cut-offs are needed to discriminate different impairment degrees, the 26.1-point score seems to be preferable to the others.
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spelling pubmed-98443532023-01-18 Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment Salis, Francesco Costaggiu, Diego Mandas, Antonella Geriatrics (Basel) Article Considering the need to intercept neurocognitive damage as soon as possible, it would be useful to extend cognitive test screening throughout the population. Here, we propose differential cut-off levels that can be used to identify mild and severe cognitive impairment with a simple and widely used first-level neurocognitive screening test: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). We studied a population of 262 patients referred for cognitive impairment testing using the MMSE and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), a neuropsychological battery. The sample consisted of 262 participants with mean age 73.8 years (60–87), of whom 154 (58.8%) women. No significant gender-related differences in cognitive ability were identified. The two tests (MMSE and RBANS) showed a moderate correlation in identifying cognitive deficit. We used RBANS as a categorial variable to identify different degrees of cognitive impairment. Youden’s J indexes were used to consider the better sensitivity/specificity balance in the 24-point cut-off score for severe cognitive deficit, 29.7-point score for mild cognitive deficit, and 26.1-point score for both mild and severe cognitive deficit. The study shows that the MMSE does not identify early cognitive impairment. Though different cut-offs are needed to discriminate different impairment degrees, the 26.1-point score seems to be preferable to the others. MDPI 2023-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9844353/ /pubmed/36648917 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics8010012 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Salis, Francesco
Costaggiu, Diego
Mandas, Antonella
Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title_full Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title_fullStr Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title_full_unstemmed Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title_short Mini-Mental State Examination: Optimal Cut-Off Levels for Mild and Severe Cognitive Impairment
title_sort mini-mental state examination: optimal cut-off levels for mild and severe cognitive impairment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9844353/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36648917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics8010012
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